Émile Pereire
(Jacob, Jacques) Émile Pereire (born December 3, 1800 in Bordeaux , † January 5, 1875 in Paris ) was a French financier and publicist of Portuguese- Sephardic origin.
Life
Jacob Rodrigues Pereira's grandson went to Paris in 1822 and worked in a bank. From the middle of the 1820s he became interested in Saint-Simonism and in 1830 championed the project of a " Comptoir d'escompte " as a practical project to promote trade and industry . Péreire was the editor of Le Globe , an Organ de Saint-Simonist, in 1831/32 , but also worked as a journalist for the liberal Le Commerce and the Connaissances Utiles , where he advocated the widespread creation of savings banks . In 1832 and 1833 he was editor of the Revue Encyclopédique and from 1832 to 1835 editor of the republican newspaper Le National .
Together with his younger brother Isaac Pereire , he founded the Crédit Foncier de France and the Crédit Mobilier in 1852 . The new banking institutions were close to the President and - from December 1852 - Emperor of the French Louis Bonaparte. Péreire was already very active in financing the construction of the railway, starting in 1835 with the line from Paris to Saint-Germain-en-Laye. The railroad interests of the brothers soon went far beyond France and extended to the Danube Monarchy , Spain and Russia. Your conglomerate also dealt with Paris' street lighting and the city's bus system. It included the shipping company Compagnie Générale Transatlantique , the Madrid gas works, the Spanish-French insurance company La Unión y el Fénix and numerous other financial institutions. For a time, the Pereires, as pioneers of modern industrial finance, rivaled the Rothschilds, who were more oriented towards traditional government loans, and their wide-ranging activities also correlated with the global political ambitions of Napoleon III. A visible expression of his wealth was the great city palace in Paris (35 rue du Faubourg Saint-Honoré), which he acquired in 1855 (today the seat of the British embassy). From 1861 the Péreire brothers enabled the expansion of Arcachon from a fishing village to a luxury seaside resort through their investments . In 1867, however, the Crédit mobilier collapsed - not least because it was heavily involved in Austrian government bonds and Austria was defeated by Prussia at Königgrätz in 1866 . The Pereire brothers were forced to resign.
Émile Pereire was also a politician and from 1857 to 1870 a member of the Corps Législatif . His memorandum L'Empereur François-Joseph et l'Europe on the Austro-Italian question, published in 1860 , was widely recognized by Napoleon III. ascribed to myself.
literature
- Guy Fargette: Émile et Isaac Pereire. L'esprit d'entreprise au XIXe siècle . L'Harmattan, Paris 2002. ISBN 2-7475-0737-8 .
Footnotes
- ↑ Guy Fargette: Émile et Isaac Pereire. L'esprit d'entreprise au XIXe siècle . L'Harmattan, Paris 2002. ISBN 2-7475-0737-8 , p. 204.
Web links
- Information on Émile Pereire in the database of the Bibliothèque nationale de France .
- PEREIRE: Jewish Encyclopedia
- On the founding history of Crédit mobilier. From: Adolf Beer: History of World Trade in the Nineteenth Century , Volume 1, p. 225
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Pereire, Émile |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Pereire, Jacob Émile |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | French financier and publicist |
| DATE OF BIRTH | December 3, 1800 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Bordeaux |
| DATE OF DEATH | January 5, 1875 |
| Place of death | Paris |