Outstanding leader
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Outstanding Leader or Supreme Leader (Chinese 中華人民共和國 最高 領導人 / 中华人民共和国 最高 领导人 , Zhōnghuá Rénmín Gònghéguó Zuìgāo Lǐngdǎorén - "Outstanding Leader of the People's Republic of China", English Paramount Leader ) is the name for the leading politician in the People's Republic of China . It is not an official office, but is mostly used for the politician in the People's Republic who holds the most power, as of November 2019 Xi Jinping as the holder of all the highest offices, since 2012 General Secretary of the Communist Party of China , Chairman of the Central Military Commission and since 2013 President of the People's Republic of China .
history
In Stalinist states or those with a Stalinist legacy, the Paramount Leader is often the actual leader. He does not necessarily hold official government offices such as that of the President or Prime Minister , but is usually the chairman or general secretary of the communist party .
The term Paramount Leader is mainly used in connection with the People's Republic of China and its political system. Beyond all official offices, the Paramount Leader is the actual political leader of the People's Republic of China. Historical examples include Mao Zedong and Deng Xiaoping .
Since the beginning of the change under Deng Xiaoping and his successors, the Paramount Leader has been clearly defined institutionally. The political system of the People's Republic of China rests on three pillars: first, the Communist Party of the People's Republic of China , second, the state institutions of the People's Republic of China, and third, the People's Liberation Army .
The Paramount Leader is characterized by the fact that he holds the two leading offices of these three pillars as General Secretary of the Communist Party of China and as Chairman of the Central Military Commission . He also chairs various party committees, usually the Foreign Affairs Committee and the Taiwan Affairs Committee. It is in these committees that the actual decision-making takes place, not in the responsible ministries. For example, the Ministry of Defense in China has hardly any competences, and all military-political decisions are made in the Central Military Commission.
Xi Jinping , Hu Jintao's successor as General Secretary and President of the Republic , has been the Paramount Leader since 2012 . The transfer of power to a successor now usually takes a long time and spans several months or even years. It will be completed by handing over the chairmanship of the Central Military Commission. This office will only be handed over if the successor proves to be reliable and suitable. In this way, the predecessor ensures political continuity and its own interests. However, Hu Jintao has never been referred to as a Paramount Leader in official or semi-official media in the People's Republic of China . In December 2014, the PRC Tax Administration named current Secretary General Xi Jinping as a Paramount Leader. At the 19th congress of the Communist Party in 2017, Xi Jinping managed to expand his power considerably. As a result, the concept of the Paramount Leader received great international attention.
list
Previous Supreme Leader of China:
- Mao Zedong (1949-1976)
- Hua Guofeng (1976–1978)
- Deng Xiaoping (1978-1989)
- Jiang Zemin (1989-2002)
- Hu Jintao (2002-2012)
- Xi Jinping (since 2012)
Individual evidence
- ↑ The foreign policy of the People's Republic of China in the Asia-Pacific region , p. 50 ( limited preview in the Google book search)
- ↑ www.chinatax.gov.cn