Ściana Wschodnia

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View from Rondo Dmowskiego to the "east face". On the left is the Plac Defilad with the not visible Kulturpalast
The buildings at this point on Marszałkowska at the beginning of the 20th century. The imposing “Rosja” insurance company can be seen at the back

The Ściana Wschodnia (German: Ostwand , also Marszałkowska-Ostwand ) is a complex of buildings on the east side of Ulica Marszałkowska in the area of Plac Defilad in Warsaw's inner city district . The modern style complex was built in the 1960s. It is considered an architectural icon of the People's Republic of Poland in Warsaw and was included in the list of cultural assets of the modern age (Polish Dobra kultury współczesnej w Stolicy ) of the Polish Association of Architects SARP in 2003.

location

The Ściana Wschodnia extends from the intersection of the Aleje Jerozolimskie with the Ulica Marszałkowska to the Ulica Świętokrzyska . The round pavilion building of PKO Bank Polski (the General Savings Bank of Poland), which was built in 1966 according to the design of the architect Zbigniew Karpiński , is located at the intersection of two important main traffic arteries ( Jerozolimskie | Marszałkowska ), which is now a roundabout ( Rondo Romana Dmowskiego ) with the high-rise building ( Universal ) behind it of the former foreign trade headquarters (architect: Jerzy Kowarski) actually no longer part of the complex - it is separated from it by Ulica Widok .

The Ściana Wschodnia stretches along the Marszałkowska over a length of around 500 meters and is cut through by the Ulica Złota (which runs under the Marszałkowska here ), the Ulica Henryka Sienkiewicza , and the Ulica Stanisława Moniuszki . The Warsaw Palace of Culture rises in the middle of Plac Defilad about 200 meters west of the Ściana Wschodnia .

history

Originally, monumental buildings in the style of socialist realism were to be built on the site after the war - to match the Kulturpalast in order to enclose the newly created Plac Defilad . But after the completion of the palace, the era of socialist realism decreed by the Soviet Union had already ended and in 1958 the SARP association announced a competition for the development of the east side of the square. The buildings to be erected here were intended to give the monumental palace an urban framework, as most of the larger pre-war buildings in the area no longer existed.

The tender for the general design was won by Zbigniew Karpiński and Jan Klewin. The Ściana Wschodnia was built between 1962 and 1969. In 1989 the department stores were renamed "Galeria Centrum" after their privatization; its previously transparent facade has been replaced by matt glass. At the end of the 2000s, parts of the residential buildings were renovated and the pedestrian zone , originally named Pasaż Śródmiejski , now Pasaż Stefana “Wiecha” Wierchinskiego , was revitalized.

architecture

The Ściana Wschodnia consists of 23 buildings with a total volume of 680,000 cubic meters . The connection of a shopping center (west side) with residential buildings (east side) through a pedestrian zone was a trend-setting concept of the time. The building series consists of five apartment blocks with three intervening high-rise apartment blocks (81 to 87 meters high; the high-rise buildings were completed in 1969). The three-storey department stores “Wars”, “Sawa”, “Junior” (the three department stores were called Domy Towarowe “Centrum” ) and “Sezam” ( Spółdzielczy Dom Handlowy ) - “Sezam” was demolished at the beginning of 2015 - are located directly on Marszałkowska and protect the centrally located pedestrian passage from street noise. Small shops and cafes are located in the passage. There is also a restaurant complex and a cinema here. The main buildings of Ściana Wschodnia are:

  • 8 apartment buildings by the architects Zbigniew Wacławek, Jan Klewin, Marcin Bogusławski and Wojnowski
  • the department stores “Sawa” and “Wars” by the architects Jerzy Jakubowicz, Piotr Zajlich and Stanisław Więcek
  • the “Junior” department store by architect Zbigniew Wacławek and colleagues
  • the “Sezam” department store designed by the architects Andrzej Sierakowski, Tadeusz Blażejowski, Roman Widera and Jan Kopciowski, demolished in early 2015, will be replaced by a new building
  • the restaurant complex "Zodiac" by the architects Jan Bugusławski and Bohdan Gniewiewski, with an interior design by Maria Leszczyńska

literature

  • Julius A. Chroscicki, Andrzej Rottermund: Architectural Atlas of Warsaw. 1st edition. Arkady, Warsaw 1978, p. 95
  • Małgorzata Danecka, Thorsten Hoppe: Discover Warsaw. Walking tours through the Polish capital. Trescher, Berlin 2008, ISBN 978-3-89794-116-8 , p. 223 f.
  • Janina Rukowska: Travel guide to Warsaw and surroundings. 3. Edition. Sport i Turystyka, Warsaw 1982, ISBN 83-217-2380-2 , p. 100

Web links

Commons : Ściana Wschodnia  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Dariusz Bartoszewicz: Szczerbaty uśmiech ściany Wschodniej . In: Gazeta.Warszawa , May 18, 2009 (Polish)
  2. ↑ The universal high-rise of the foreign trade organization was sketched out in 2016/2017 and replaced by the Widok Towers office high-rise built from 2017 to 2020 .
  3. ↑ Zbigniew Karpiński (1906–1983) was an important Polish post-war architect
  4. ↑ Karol Morawski, Wieslaw Glebocki: Bedeker Warszawski: w 400 lecie stołeczności Warszawy . Iskry, Warszawa 1996, ISBN 83-207-1525-3 , p. 269

Coordinates: 52 ° 13 ′ 55 ″  N , 21 ° 0 ′ 39 ″  E