144th, 176th and 184th community schools
The buildings of the former 144th, 176th and 184th community schools in Berlin-Kreuzberg form a listed school complex. It was built in the years 1888–1890 in the style of academic historicism on behalf of the Berlin magistrate based on designs by city building officer Hermann Blankenstein and city building inspector Karl Frobenius . The buildings at Graefestrasse 85-88 and Böckhstrasse 36 are now used by the Albrecht-von-Graefe School .
Entire facility and individual building
The structure has a structure that is characteristic of many of the school buildings created under Blankenstein's responsibility in Berlin: a teacher's house and the gym are on the street front, two school buildings with classrooms in the courtyard. The buildings were built using a closed masonry method.
The three-story teacher's house is to the left of the entrance to the courtyard and is faced with red brick and divided by elements made of gray-yellow sandstone. The building on a constructed area of 317 m² has an 18.5 m long, asymmetrical facade with a flat corner template on the right and the house entrance on the left. The horizontal structure is made by a heavy console cornice, terracotta decorative strips and arched windows on the ground floor and by rectangular windows with pronounced walls and heavy roofing on the two upper floors.
The gymnasium to the right of the entrance to the courtyard has a front length of 28 m on a built-up area of 383 m². It is also faced with red bricks and shows ten large round arched windows on the street side in a paired arrangement in panels over the coffin cornice. The facade is structured by cornices, bands and friezes. The inscription “144 · 176 · 184 · Community School · 144 · 176 · 184” is located above the middle pair of windows. In 1979/1980 a flat extension with changing rooms and showers for physical education was built at the rear. This has been adapted to the rest of the gym with brick facing.
The four-storey class wings facing each other in the schoolyard are faced with red bricks on the ground floor up to the main cornices and yellow bricks on the upper floors. The smaller, free-standing building with a constructed area of 608 m² has a front length of 34 m, the larger, comb-like class wing on the right edge of the courtyard with two short transverse wings and rear staircases has a constructed area of 1012 m² and a front length of 66 m. Both facades are arranged symmetrically and have a central projectile. The horizontal structure is done by arched windows (high in the middle section) and by red brick stripes in the yellow areas and brown brick stripes in the red areas.
The buildings were only slightly damaged in World War II . Bullet holes can still be found on the wall of a school wing.
In 2010, an extensive renovation program was launched with public funding from the monument protection. This includes the repair of the clinker brick facades, sealing of the basement masonry, the renewal of the electrical systems, safety lighting and the installation of an amok alarm. The walls of the stairwells and corridors are given a new coat of paint. The ceilings will be acoustically upgraded and will be given new lighting. The measures will be completed in 2015.
use
The 114th community school (until 1926 girls 'school) and the 176th community school (until 1926 boys' school) moved into the school complex; they had previously used other school buildings. The 144th and 184th parish schools in Berlin were later founded here. At the turn of the 20th century, around 2,700 students were educated in the school complex. The facility was later also used by elementary and vocational schools. Since 1951 the “4th Oberschule practical branch ”, which took the name of“ gymnastics father ” Friedrich Ludwig Jahn in 1955 and has been a secondary school since 1968.
During the Second World War, the school complex was used as a branch of the Am Urban hospital, which only housed forced laborers who had been moved here from all over Berlin. Poor hygiene in housing and poor nutrition resulted in the spread of open lung tuberculosis and a high mortality rate among those affected. A plaque on the gymnasium commemorates these events.
literature
- Kathrin Chod, Herbert Schwenk and Hainer Weißpflug: Berlin district lexicon Friedrichshain-Kreuzberg . Haude & Spener, Berlin 2003, ISBN 3-7759-0474-3 , pp. 156–157 (“Friedrich-Ludwig-Jahn-Oberschule”).
- Architects and Engineers Association of Berlin (ed.): Berlin and its buildings. Part V. Volume C. Schools . Ernst & Sohn-Verlag, Berlin 1991, p. 348.
Web links
- Entry in the Berlin State Monument List
- Entry "Friedrich-Ludwig-Jahn-Oberschule (OH)" in the online city dictionary at www.luise-berlin.de
Coordinates: 52 ° 29 '40.4 " N , 13 ° 25' 9.3" E