Hermann Blankenstein

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Blankenstein relief in front of the Prenzlauer Berg district office
Honorary grave in the cemeteries at Hallesches Tor
Facade of market hall VII , 1888
Twelve Apostles Church Berlin-Schöneberg

Hermann Wilhelm Albert Blankenstein (born January 10, 1829 in Grafenbrück near Finowfurt , Niederbarnim district ; † March 6, 1910 in Berlin ) was a German architect . In his 24-year tenure as city architect from Berlin, he planned the construction of all municipal buildings, including 120 school buildings.

Life

Hermann Blankenstein was born on January 10, 1829, the son of a hydraulic engineering inspector. After completing his military service, he began studying at the Berlin Building Academy in 1849 . In 1851 he passed the examination as a site manager and in 1851/1852 supported Wilhelm Salzenberg with the graphic preparation of his building survey of the Hagia Sophia . In the years 1854-1856 he continued his studies at the building academy and completed it with the master builder examination. He then worked at the Berlin Military Building Commission and was then transferred to Stettin as a government master builder.

After his exam in 1862 as a water, road and iron builder, he was transferred to Stargard in Pomerania in 1863 . On the recommendation of Friedrich Adler , he came back to the Ministerial Building Commission in Berlin in 1865. Between 1866 and 1872 he taught part-time at the building academy.

From 1872 to 1896, Blankenstein was the head of the Berlin building administration as town planning officer. Its first building in Berlin was the Evangelical Lutheran Church Berlin in 1857 , a church of the Old Lutherans that is still used for worship today . On behalf of the city, Blankenstein renovated the Nikolaikirche and the Marienkirche and, with his significant assistance and management, schools and market halls were built. But the following municipal facilities were also built for a total construction cost of 110 million marks:

These brick buildings in a simple and strict manner with the stereotypical terracotta decoration were characterized by the banding of yellow and red bricks. In a construction newspaper from 1900 it says:

“... in their rigid brick style they wore an urban livery or uniform, which in the seventies, in the epigone age, suited the prevailing taste. Architecturally little was dared in the Blankenstein buildings, the same thoughts and forms passed from one building to the next, nothing intrusive or hurtful about them, they lead a modest and quietly reserved existence. The handicrafts were not looked after very much. "

Blankenstein retired from service in 1896, and was succeeded by Ludwig Hoffmann . Berlin honored Blankenstein with the title of city ​​elder . The family grave, now the city grave of honor , is located on the Jerusalem and New Church Cemetery I in Department 2/2 on Zossener Straße in Kreuzberg . His youngest son Paul Blankenstein rests there, among other things, who is a retired mayor. D. von Schöneberg also received the title of City Elder. A life-size oil painting by Hermann Blankenstein, created by his eldest son Otto Blankenstein, was donated to the (West) Berlin Senate in 1954 .

Two streets have been named after Hermann Blankenstein since the end of the 20th century: the Blankensteinweg in Spandau and the Hermann-Blankenstein-Straße in Prenzlauer Berg on the site of the former central cattle and slaughterhouse . A memorial plaque for Blankenstein is in front of the "Hospital and Infirmary" he designed in Prenzlauer Allee, in whose building the Pankow District Office with some departments and the archive has been housed since the 2010s.

Work (selection)

Churches and general urban buildings

Hospitals and social institutions

Rummelsburg municipal workhouse in summer 2006

School buildings

  • 1871–1873: Andreas Realschule , Lange Straße 31, Berlin-Friedrichshain, from 1906 vocational school, converted into a hotel
  • 1871–1875: Dorotheenstädtische Realschule , Georgenstrasse 30/31 and Friedrich-Werdersches-Gymnasium , Dorotheenstrasse 13/14, Berlin-Mitte (according to the overall concept of city inspector Arnold Hanel), destroyed, today the location of the international trade center
  • 1872–1873:
    • 76. Community school, Muskauer Straße 53, Berlin-Kreuzberg (according to plans by Arnold Hanel), later Borsig-Oberschule, since 2011 pro-inclusion technical school for social education
    • 8th and 63rd community dual school and director's residence, Gipsstrasse 23A, Berlin-Mitte, today Kastanienbaum primary school
  • 1873–1874:
    • Friedrichs-Realschule , Albrechtstrasse 27, Berlin-Mitte, only the western part of the building is preserved
    • 74th and 79th community school Pappelallee 30/31, Berlin-Prenzlauer Berg, today Elinor-Ostrom-Schule
  • 1873, 1877: 58th and 95th community school, Heinrich-Roller-Straße 18, Berlin-Prenzlauer Berg, today Heinrich-Roller-Grundschule
  • 1873, 1894–1895: Luisenschule, Ziegelstraße 12, Berlin-Mitte (today used by the Humboldt University)
  • 1874–1875:
    • Askanisches Gymnasium , Hallesche Straße, Berlin-Kreuzberg (together with Adolf Reich)
    • 54th and 85th community school, Schlesische Straße 4, Berlin-Kreuzberg (together with Bernhard Mylius ), only the teacher's house, which is used by a day-care center, has been preserved
  • 1874–1876: Sophien-Töchterschule, Weinmeisterstraße 16/17 and Realgymnasium Steinstraße 32–34, Berlin-Mitte, destroyed
  • 1875–1876: Leibniz-Gymnasium, Mariannenplatz 27/28, Berlin-Kreuzberg, today Nürtingen-Grundschule
  • 1876–1877:
    • 80th community school, Wrangelstrasse 128, Berlin-Kreuzberg, today E.-O.-Plauen-Grundschule
    • 89th and 96th Community School, Schwedter Strasse 232-234, Berlin-Mitte
  • 1877–1880: Falk Realgymnasium and Charlotten-Töchterschule, Lützowstraße 83, 84, 84C, 85, Pohlstraße 62, Berlin-Tiergarten, later Fritzlar-Homberg-Schule and Grips-Grundschule, merged in 2010 to form Allegro-Grundschule
  • 1880–1881:
    • 87th and 98th community school, Marchlewskistraße 45 (formerly Memeler Straße 24-25), Berlin-Friedrichshain (together with Bernhard Mylius), only the teacher's house is preserved
    • (Expansion 1890–1891) 40th, 91st and 101st community school and 6th secondary school, Gneisenaustraße 7, Berlin-Kreuzberg (designs by Karl Frobenius, Fritz Haack and August Lindemann under the supervision of Blankenstein), today Lina-Morgenstern-Schule
  • 1881–1882: 113th and 128th community school, Turmstrasse 86, Berlin-Moabit, from 1971 Anne Frank Primary School, today the Berlin Administrative Academy
  • 1882–1883: 107th Community School, Genthiner Strasse 10, Berlin-Tiergarten (together with Adolf Reich), the teacher's residence was retained and serves as the office building of the Berliner Wasserbetriebe
  • 1883: Community dual school No. 135 and 137, Friedenstrasse 31, Berlin-Friedrichshain, only the teacher's house is preserved
  • 1884–1885:
    • 153rd boys 'and 154th girls' schools in Berlin-Mitte, today John Lennon High School
    • Margarethen-Lyzeum, Ifflandstrasse 11, Berlin-Mitte, largely destroyed, the former director's residence is now part of the Max Planck High School
    • 106th and 152nd community school, Fraenkelufer 18 (formerly Kottbuser Ufer 51), Berlin-Kreuzberg, later Hunsrück elementary school
    • 133rd and 149th community dual school, Bergmannstrasse 28/29, Berlin-Kreuzberg
  • 1884–1886: 105th and 121st community school, Prenzlauer Allee 227/228, Berlin-Prenzlauer Berg, today Sebastian Haffner's culture and education center
  • 1884–1887: Lessing-Gymnasium , Pankstraße 18/19, Berlin-Gesundbrunnen (together with Gustav Erdmann and Richard Hoßfeld)
  • 1885: 51st and 130th community dual school, Niederwallstraße 6–7, Berlin-Mitte, today belongs to the Berlin Hotel Management School
  • 1885–1886: 132nd and 142nd community dual school, Demminer Strasse 27, Berlin-Gesundbrunnen (together with Killing), today Vineta primary school
  • 1886–1887:
    • 1. Realschule , Alexandrinenstraße, Berlin-Kreuzberg (together with Karl Frobenius), only the teacher's house is preserved, which today belongs to the Hans-Böckler-Schule
    • Community double school Tempelhofer Ufer 2, Berlin-Kreuzberg (100th Blankenstein school, destroyed)
    • 115th and 237th community school, Skalitzer Straße 55/56, Berlin-Kreuzberg (together with Karl Frobenius), today Refik-Veseli-Schule
  • 1886–1888: 117th and 178th community school, 15th elementary school and 8th town. Girls' Middle School, Eberswalder Strasse 10, Berlin-Prenzlauer Berg
  • 1886–1890: 110th and 174th community dual school Schönhauser Allee 166a, Berlin-Prenzlauer Berg, destroyed
  • Before 1887: 45th Community School Auguststrasse 67/68, Berlin-Mitte, destroyed
  • 1887–1888: 40th and 150th community school at Tempelhofer Ufer 20, Berlin-Kreuzberg, only the teacher's house on the street has been preserved, the area behind it today belongs to the Hector Peterson School
  • 1887–1888 and 1889–1891: 5th municipal secondary school, Stephanstraße 3 and 160th and 188th community school, Stephanstraße 2 (with Fridolin Zekeli involved), preserved buildings today included in the Moses-Mendelssohn-Oberschule
  • 1887–1889: 26th and 179th community school Albrechtstrasse 20, Berlin-Mitte
  • 1888–1889:
    • 117th and 178th community school, Eberswalder Straße 10, Berlin-Prenzlauer Berg, largely destroyed, the former teacher's house is now a daycare center
    • 146th and 180th community school Hannoversche Strasse 20, Berlin-Mitte, today primary school Neues Tor
  • 1888–1890: 144th, 176th and 184th community school , Graefestrasse 85–88, Berlin-Kreuzberg (together with Karl Frobenius), later Friedrich-Ludwig-Jahn-Oberschule, today Albrecht-von-Graefe-Schule
  • 1889: 104th and 159th community school, Olivaer Strasse 19 (today Rudi-Arndt-Strasse 18), Paul-Heyse-Strasse 8, Berlin-Prenzlauer Berg, today Tesla community school
  • 1889–1890: 111th and 186th community dual school, Pflugstrasse 12, Berlin-Mitte, class wing destroyed, only the director's house is preserved
  • 1889–1892: 167th and 175th community school, Putbusser Strasse 22, Berlin-Gesundbrunnen (collaboration with Fritz Haack and Arthur Müller), today Heinrich Seidel primary school
  • 1890–1891: 177th and 191st community school, Görlitzer Strasse 51, Berlin-Kreuzberg, 1967–2005 Kurt Held primary school
  • 1891-1892
    • 163rd and 192th community school, Böckhstrasse 16, Berlin-Kreuzberg (together with Karl Frobenius), today Hermann-Hesse-Gymnasium
    • 140th and 194th community school and 9th secondary school, Prinzenallee 8, Berlin-Gesundbrunnen (built by Paul Hesse under the supervision of Blankenstein), today Gesundbrunnen primary school
  • 198-1894:
    • 168th, 182nd and 189th community school, Stephanstraße 27, Berlin-Moabit (with participation of Fridolin Zekeli)
    • 193rd and 195th community school, Wrangelstrasse 128, Berlin-Kreuzberg, today E. O. Plauen primary school
  • 1893: 8th secondary school, Rheinsberger Strasse 4–5, Berlin-Mitte (together with Paul Hesse), today Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach high school
  • 1893–1894: 162nd and 197th community school, Danziger Strasse 50, Berlin-Prenzlauer Berg, today daycare center and elementary school on Teutoburger Platz
  • 1894–1895: 199th and 205th community school, Levetzowstraße 26, Berlin-Moabit
  • 1894–1896: 206th and 212th community school, Siemensstrasse 20, Berlin-Moabit, later James Krüss primary school, today Theodor Heuss community school
  • 1895:
    • 11. Realschule, Böckhstraße 10, Berlin-Kreuzberg (execution planning Karl Frobenius), today Lemgo elementary school
    • 10. Realschule Auguststraße 21, Berlin-Mitte (together with Paul Hesse), today Kulturhaus Mitte
  • 1895–1896: 207th and 210th community school, Strelitzer Strasse 41/42, Berlin-Gesundbrunnen (collaboration with Max Karchow), today Gustav-Falke-Grundschule
  • 1895–1897: 56th community school and 18th auxiliary school, Gotenburger Straße 6–12, Berlin-Gesundbrunnen (collaboration with Paul Hesse), today Wilhelm-Hauff-Grundschule
  • 1897–1898: 70th and 202nd community school, Ravenéstraße 11/12, Berlin-Gesundbrunnen (collaboration with Paul Hesse), today school at Zillepark

Market halls

literature

  • Manfred Klinkott : Hermann Blankenstein. In: Wolfgang Ribbe, Wolfgang Schächen (Ed.): Baumeister. Architects. Urban planner. Biographies on the structural development of Berlin. Stappverlag, Berlin 1987, ISBN 3-87776-210-7 , pp. 235-256.
  • Uwe Michas: Hermann Blankenstein, the forgotten master builder. In: Die Mark Brandenburg , Issue 76, Berlin 2010, ISBN 978-3-910134-10-2 .
  • Uwe Kieling: Berlin building officials and state architects in the 19th century . Kulturbund der DDR, Berlin 1986, p. 11-12 .

Web links

Commons : Hermann Blankenstein  - album with pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ The new buildings in the city of Berlin . In: Berliner Architekturwelt 1900.
  2. ↑ Entry in the Berlin State Monument List Nikolaikirche
  3. ↑ Entry in the Berlin State Monument List 52nd Pol. Rev. Fire station Memel
  4. ↑ Entry in the Berlin State Monument List Disinfection Agency I
  5. ↑ Entry in the Berlin state monument list "Villa Kreuzberg"
  6. ^ A b c d Ute Verlohren: Hospitals in Greater Berlin . be.bra Wissenschaft verlag, Berlin-Brandenburg 2019, ISBN 978-3-95410-241-9 , p. 228 .
  7. ↑ Entry in the Berlin State Monument List Kaiser Wilhelm and Kaiserin Augusta Foundation
  8. ↑ Entry in the Berlin State Monument List Foundation The Hospitals of the Holy Spirit and St. George
  9. ↑ Entry in the Berlin State Monument List Andreas Realschule
  10. ↑ Entry in the Berlin State Monument List 46th Community School & 76th Community School
  11. ↑ Entry in the Berlin State Monument List School & Director's Residence Gipsstrasse 23A
  12. ↑ Entry in the Berlin State Monument List School Albrechtstrasse 27
  13. ↑ Entry in the Berlin State Monument List 58th and 95th Community School
  14. ↑ Entry in the Berlin State Monument List School at Ziegelstrasse 12
  15. ↑ Entry in the Berlin state monument list for teachers' residence of the 54th community school and daycare center
  16. ↑ Entry in the Berlin State Monument List Leibniz-Gymnasium
  17. ↑ Entry in the Berlin State Monument List 80th, 193rd and 195th community school
  18. ↑ Entry in the Berlin State Monument List School Schwedter Strasse 232 & 233 & 234
  19. ↑ Entry in the Berlin State Monument List School Lützowstrasse 83 & 84 & 84C & 85 Pohlstrasse 6
  20. ↑ Entry in the Berlin state monument list for teachers' houses of the 87th and 98th community schools
  21. ↑ Entry in the Berlin State Monument List School Complex Gneisenaustrasse
  22. ↑ Entry in the Berlin State Monument List Anne Frank Primary School
  23. ↑ Entry in the Berlin state monument list for the teachers' residence of the 107th community school
  24. ↑ Entry in the Berlin state monument list for teachers' residence at Friedenstraße 31
  25. ↑ Entry in the Berlin state monument list, director's residence Ifflandstrasse 11
  26. ↑ Entry in the Berlin State Monument List 106th and 152nd community school
  27. ↑ Entry in the Berlin State Monument List 133rd and 149th Community Dual School
  28. ↑ Entry in the Berlin State Monument List 105th and 121st community school
  29. ↑ Entry in the Berlin State Monument List School Niederwallstraße 6 & 7
  30. ↑ Entry in the Berlin State Monument List 132nd and 142nd community school
  31. ↑ Entry in the Berlin State Monument List 115th and 237th community school
  32. ↑ Entry in the Berlin state monument list for teachers' residence Tempelhofer Ufer 20
  33. ↑ Entry in the Berlin State Monument List 5th municipal secondary school & 160th and 188th community school
  34. ↑ Entry in the Berlin State Monument List School Albrechtstrasse 20
  35. ↑ Entry in the Berlin State Monument List 117th and 178th Community School
  36. ↑ Entry in the Berlin State Monument List School Hannoversche Strasse 20
  37. ↑ Entry in the Berlin state monument list 144th, 176th and 184th community school
  38. ↑ Entry in the Berlin State Monument List 104th and 159th community school
  39. ↑ Entry in the Berlin state monument list for the director's residence of the 111th and 186th community dual school
  40. ↑ Entry in the Berlin State Monument List 167th and 175th community school
  41. ↑ Entry in the Berlin State Monument List 177th and 191st community school
  42. ↑ Entry in the Berlin state monument list 163rd and 192nd community school
  43. ↑ Entry in the Berlin state monument list 140th and 194th community school & 9th secondary school
  44. ↑ Entry in the Berlin State Monument List 168th, 182nd and 189th community school
  45. ↑ Entry in the Berlin State Monument List 80th, 193rd and 195th community school
  46. ↑ Entry in the Berlin State Monument List School Rheinsberger Strasse 4 & 5
  47. ↑ Entry in the Berlin State Monument List 162nd and 197th Community School
  48. ↑ Entry in the Berlin state monument list 199th and 205th community school
  49. ↑ Entry in the Berlin State Monument List 206th and 212th community school
  50. ↑ Entry in the Berlin State Monument List 11. Realschule
  51. ↑ Entry in the Berlin State Monument List School & Teachers' Housing Auguststrasse 21
  52. ↑ Entry in the Berlin state monument list 207th and 210th community school
  53. ↑ Entry in the Berlin state monument list 56th community school and 18th auxiliary school
  54. ↑ Entry in the Berlin State Monument List 70th and 202nd community school
personal data
SURNAME Blankenstein, Hermann
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Blankenstein, Hermann Wilhelm Albert (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German architect and construction officer
DATE OF BIRTH January 10, 1829
PLACE OF BIRTH Grafenbrück near Finowfurt
DATE OF DEATH March 6, 1910
Place of death Berlin