AS04

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AS04 is an adjuvant which is used in vaccine production as a pharmaceutical excipient . It consists of a complex consisting of an aluminum salt and 3-odesacyl-4'-monophosphoryl lipid A (MPL). MPL is a detoxified form of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), which is obtained from the bacterial cell walls of Salmonella minnesota . After splitting off a phosphate group and a fatty acid residue, MPL is obtained from LPS.

It is discussed that the MPL in AS04 via activation of Toll-like receptor TLR4 specifically the cytotoxic T cells activated without activating but more inflammatory cells. This triggers an increased immune response, which helps to save vaccine antigens. AS04 (MPL adsorbed on aqueous aluminum hydroxide ) is currently used in the HPV vaccine Cervarix , the variant AS04C (MPL adsorbed on aluminum phosphate ) in the hepatitis B vaccine Fendrix .

literature

  • SL Giannini et al .: Enhanced humoral and memory B cellular immunity using HPV16 / 18 L1 VLP vaccine. formulated with the MPL / aluminum salt combination (AS04) compared to aluminum salt only. In: Vaccine. Aug 2006, pp. 5937-5949. PMID 16828940
  • A. Tagliabue and R. Rappuoli: Vaccine adjuvants: the dream becomes real. In: Hum Vaccin. 5, 2008, pp. 347-349. PMID 18682690
  • G. Boland et al .: Safety and immunogenicity profile of an experimental hepatitis B vaccine adjuvanted with AS04. In: Vaccine. 3, 2004, pp. 316-320. PMID 15530674

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Ralf Wagner and Eberhard Hildt: Composition and mechanisms of action of adjuvants in approved viral vaccines . In: Federal Health Gazette - Health Research - Health Protection . tape 62 , no. 4 , April 1, 2019, p. 462-471 , doi : 10.1007 / s00103-019-02921-1 .
  2. ↑ Pharmazeutische Zeitung 48/2007, p. 24f. Adjuvants: auxiliaries for better vaccines