Acceptance of wall painting

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Piero della Francesca : Madonna del Parto . Detached fresco from Monterchi , San Sepolcro

The removal or replacement of wall paintings is a restoration technique in which a wall painting is removed from its architectural context in order to secure and maintain it in situ by transferring it to a new image carrier in the event of danger or damage . However, it is always a serious operation that is associated with more or less loss of substance and which should only be decided upon as a last resort if there is no other option.

techniques

Three different techniques are known for removing wall paintings. These differ according to how much material is removed from the image carrier. When securing frescoes , the stacco (it. 'Separation') or the strappo (it. 'Tear off') method are usually used.

Stacco

In the method of the Stacco, after the used cotton fabric also Calicot called the color pigments are peeled together with the plaster of the wall. Usually a glue made from animal raw material is applied to the picture surface. Two layers of fabric, calico and canvas , are placed on the glue and peeled off the wall when it is completely dry. The fresco is also removed during this process. During the subsequent processing in the laboratory, remaining traces of plaster are removed and another textile material is applied to the cleaned back. Finally, the fabric on the front is carefully removed. The fresco can now be mounted on a new canvas or wood support.

Stacco a massello

In this process, the wall painting with plaster and areas of the support ( masonry ) are removed. After one or more layers of fabric have been glued on to protect the surface of the painting, a rigid support, e.g. B. made of wood. Then the surrounding masonry is reduced to allow movement of the masonry block (it. Massello ).

Strappo

This procedure is used when the plaster on which the fresco is applied is poorly preserved or spoiled. With the Strappo method, in which only the layer with the pigments and a very small amount of plaster is removed, a stronger glue is applied than with the gentle Stacco technique, while the following steps are the same for preservation. However, with some frescoes a faint film of color remains on the plaster. These remaining traces of color are often also removed in a second, identical operation.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ decrease. In: Angela Weyer et al. (Ed.): EwaGlos. European Illustrated Glossary of Conservation Terms for Wall Paintings and Architectural Surfaces . English Definitions with translations into Bulgarian, Croatian, French, German, Hungarian, Italian, Polish, Romanian, Spanish and Turkish. Michael Imhof, Petersberg 2015, ISBN 978-3-7319-0260-7 , p. 344 , doi : 10.5165 / hawk-hhg / 233 ( download ).
  2. ↑ Paolo Mora, Laura Mora, Paul Philippot: La conservazione delle pitture murali . 2nd Edition. Compositori, Bologna 2001, ISBN 88-7794-279-7 , pp. 246-252 .
  3. ^ Giotto - Fresco Terms ( en ) Mystudios.com. Retrieved July 3, 2010.

literature

The article gives a brief description of the Stacco and the Strappo .