Middelburg Abbey

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The abbey tower Lange Jan
Floor plan of Koorkerk and Nieuwe Kerk

The Abbey Middelburg , dedicated to the Virgin Mary ( Middelburg Abbey / German  Our Lady Abbey ), is a former pin of the Norbertine in Middelburg in the Netherlands .

history

In 1127, Premonstratensians from the Antwerp Sint Michiel monastery founded a subsidiary in Middelburg, which was subsequently expanded into a large monastery complex with two churches. The monastery owned an enormous amount of land on Walcheren and in Zeeland . A large part of the monastery buildings was destroyed by fire in 1492, a second major fire in 1568 mainly affected the monastery churches. As a result of the reconstruction measures at that time, the monastery buildings that have been preserved today come mainly from the late Gothic period. In 1940 the Liebfrauen Abbey was seriously affected by the war. The reconstruction work dragged on until 1965. To the south of the cloister are the two present day Protestant parish churches, the Koorkerk (choir church) with the monumental church tower Lange Jan and the Nieuwe Kerk (new church). Koorkerk and Nieuwe Kerk are also known as Abdijkerk (Abbey Church).

Koorkerk

Grave of Count Wilhelm II of Holland in the Koorkerk

Around 1300 an older church building was replaced by today's Koorkerk, which is spatially separated from the Nieuwe Kerk.

It has a single nave nave of six bays with a five-sided choir closure. After the fire of 1568 the elaborate net vault was added to the church. Two further yokes to the west were separated from the nave.

The church tower Lange Jan, which can be seen from afar and towers above Middelburg from afar, adjoins them to the south . The basement of the tower dates from the second half of the 14th century, the crown was added in 1712 and reconstructed after the destruction in 1940.

The grave of Count Wilhelm II. Of Holland , who until his death in 1256 from 1248 to 1254 Roman-German anti-king and of 1254 Roman-German king was located in the south wall of the Koorkerk.

Nieuwe Kerk

Nieuwe Kerk with a view of the organ

The two-aisled Nieuwe Kerk (also: Nieuwe of Sint-Nicolaaskerk , German: New or St. Nikolauskirche or Nikolaikirche) dates from the time after the fire of 1558 with its current enclosing walls. It replaced a smaller, also two-aisled previous building from the time 1300. The church was originally connected to the Koorkerk by a pointed arch, which was later closed.

The designation as Nieuwe Kerk, New Church, served as a distinction to the now defunct Oude Kerk, the old church of Middelburg, which was also called Westmünster Church . The so-called monastery parish around the Nieuwe Kerk was parish off from her in 1266. After the demolition of the West Minster in 1833, this became the sole parish church. Koorkerk and Nieuwe Kerk are now part of the Protestant Church in the Netherlands .

The organ was built in 1954 by the organ builder van Leeuwen (Leiderdorp) in an organ case from 1693. The case was previously in a church in Amsterdam and was built by the carpenter Jan Albertsz Schut. In 1996 the organ case was extensively restored, in 2004 the organ work.

I main work C–
1. Quintads 16 ′
2. Prestant 8th'
3. Roerfluit 8th'
4th Octaaf 4 ′
5. Night horn 4 ′
6th Spitsquint 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′
7th Octaaf 2 ′
8th. Mixture V-VIII
9. Cimbel IV
10. Trumpet 16 ′
11. Trumpet 8th'
12. Clear 4 ′
II Rückpositiv C–
13. Holpijp 8th'
14th Quintads 8th'
15th Praestant 4 ′
16. Speelfluit 4 ′
17th Octaaf 2 ′
18th Gemshoorn 2 ′
19th Quint 1 1 ⁄ 3  ′
20th Scherp III-VI
21st Sesquialter III
22nd Dulciaan 8th'
Tremulant
III Oberwerk C–
23. Baarpijp 8th'
24. Spitsgamba 8th'
25th Fluit 4 ′
26th Roerquint 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′
27. Vlakfluit 2 ′
28. Sifflet 1'
29 Tertscimbel III
30th Trumpet 8th'
31. Vox Humana 8th'
32. Schalmey 8th'
Tremulant
Pedal C–
33. Prestant 16 ′
34. Octaaf 8th'
35. Octaaf 4 ′
36. Ruispijp VI
37. Bazuin 16 ′
38. Trumpet 8th'
39. Cornet 4 ′
40. zinc 2 ′

See: List of organ registers for the individual names

gallery

  • Monastery garden

  • View from Lange Jan into the inner courtyard

  • Inner courtyard of the abbey

  • View into the Koorkerk

  • Nieuwe Kerk

  • Peter Gerritsz organ

literature

  • Peter Don: Kunstreisboek Zeeland , ed. from Rijksdienst voor de Monumentenzorg, Zeist 1985.
  • Carel van Gestel: Van kerk naar kerk , Volume 3: Walcheren / Noord Beveland . Zaltbommel 2009.

Web links

Commons : Onze-Lieve-Vrouwe Abdij  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Information on the organ

Coordinates: 51 ° 29 ′ 58.8 ″  N , 3 ° 36 ′ 52.8 ″  E