Abzyme

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Abzymes are antibodies with a catalytic effect . They were first described in 1986 by Richard A. Lerner . They have an increased substrate specificity compared to normal enzymes , i. In other words , they only implement a single substrate ( key-lock principle ). The name is derived from Antibody (English for antibody) and Enzyme (English for enzyme).

They bind to the transition state of the substrate in a certain reaction. However, their catalytic rates are comparatively low, which is why they are not (yet) suitable for large-scale use in biotechnology, with a few exceptions. Abzyme also catalyze reactions for which no suitable catalysts are known, e.g. B. the hydrolysis of aryl carbamate and aryl urea herbicides or Diels-Alder reactions .

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A. Tramontano, KD Janda, RA Lerner: Catalytic antibodies. In: Science. Volume 234, Issue 4783, 1986, pp. 1566-1570. PMID 3787261 .
  2. ^ AD Napper, SJ Benkovic, A. Tramontano, RA Lerner: A stereospecific cyclization catalyzed by an antibody. In: Science. Volume 237, Issue 4818, 1987, pp. 1041-1043. PMID 3616626 .