Adufe

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Adufe , also pandeiro, quadrado , is a rectangular frame drum that comes from Arab-Andalusian music and is played mainly in Morocco , on the Iberian Peninsula and from Portugal in Brazil . In Guatemala , the adufe belongs to the Zarabanda ensemble along with violin and guitar .

Two adufe

Origin and Distribution

The design and name go back to the rectangular Arabic frame drum from the early Islamic period ad-duff (Pl. Dufūf ). Similarly, the Arabic word for “drum” aṭ-ṭabl found its way into the Spanish language as atabal . The Portuguese brought the adufe to the island of Gorée off the coast of Senegal from the middle of the 15th century . There it became the assiko frame drum covered with goat skin . The same name in Gorée is the 4/4 rhythm played with this drum and the corresponding dance style.

Design and style of play

The adufe is a rectangular frame drum that is covered on two sides with a skin made of sheep or goat skin. The frame is made of wood, the sides of which can be up to 45 cm long. Inside the drum there are seeds, small stones or, nowadays, crown corks, which make a rattling noise like a rattle drum when playing. The corners of the instrument are often decorated with colored ribbons.

When playing, the instrument is held in one corner with one hand while the opposite corner points upwards. The other hand hits the skin or shakes the frame drum.

The adufe is traditionally played by women to accompany singing at festivals and pilgrimages , mainly in the provinces of Beira Baixa and Trás-os-Montes in Portugal. This use also corresponds to the Arabic origin. In addition, the instrument is also used in modern styles of Portuguese music, for example by the group Dazkarieh .

literature

  • Mário D. Frungillo: Dicionário de percussão . Editora UNESP, 2003.
  • John M. Schecter: Adufe. In: Grove Music Online , February 2013

Web links

Commons : Adufe  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Henri-Pierre Koubaka: Community Music and The Culture of Trans-border Peace in West Africa. The case of the Assiko in Gorée (Sénégal). Leading Music Education International Conference, Western Ontario, May 29-June 1, 2011