Akcyjne Towarzystwo Zakładów Chemicznych i Huty Szklanej "Kijewski, Scholtze i S-ka"

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The Akcyjne Towarzystwo Zakładów Chemicznych i Huty Szklanej "Kijewski, Scholtze i S-ka" (also: Kijewski, Scholtze i S-ka, Społka Akcyjna Fabryk Chemicznych i Huty Szklanej, or Fabryka Chemiczna Towarszystwo iewski ) was an important Warsaw company in the chemical industry, which - among other basic chemical products - specialized in mineral acids . Until 1918 the company was the largest of its kind in Poland.

history

In 1822 Jan Chryzostom Kijewski and Ludwik Hirschmann founded a chemical company in Warsaw under the name Fabryka Płodów Chemicznych w Warszawie . This consisted of the first chemical factory in Poland at ul. Naczelnikowska ; chemical raw materials were produced. From 1830 to 1837 there was a co-partner named Kwilecki. Many employees (both merchants and chemists) were foreigners who contributed their expertise; the company paper had a German-language letterhead. After Hirschmann died in 1857, his children sold his shares to Kijewski in 1858.

Scholtze family

Kijewski had already agreed with Karol Scholtze that Scholtze should become a partner in 1856. In 1860 a part of the property was sold for 35,000 silver rubles to Ludwik Spiess , who built a factory here, which later became Przemysłowo-Handlowe Zakłady Chemiczne Ludwik Spiess i Syn SA . In 1879 a modern chemical factory with an attached glassworks was built in Targówek . In the 1880s, Scholtze's son, Adolf Wawrzyniec (1883–1914), took over the father's shares and was appointed managing director. Production grew under him and the company's products were exported to Germany and Russia. Kijewski, Scholtze i S-ka employed 80 workers in 1879. In 1889 there were already 201 and in 1905 their number grew to 279. In 1884 parts of the company were relocated from Solec to Targówek. In the years 1882 to 1885 a plant for the production of nitric acid and sulfuric acid was set up. From 1897 the company traded as Akcyjne Towarzystwo Zakładów Chemicznych i Huty Szklanej - "Kijewski, Scholtze i S-ka" ( joint stock company ). During the First World War , the factory's sulfuric acid production was the only one that was operated in the former Weichselland . The production of iron oxides began in the 1930s . In 1935 the range was expanded to include a line for the production of cosmetic chalk. In 1936 the operating area comprised 95,470 square meters and had its own siding. The Second World War ended this period in the company's history.

World War II and post-war period

In September 1939, the German Air Force bombed the factory as part of the Battle of Warsaw ; large parts were destroyed in the process. During the occupation , the company produced coatings for tiles, cosmetic chalk and sulfonic oils on a small scale and with greatly reduced staff . The fighting in early 1945 destroyed the remaining parts of the factory. After the reconstruction, the production of whipped chalk , tile glaze, sodium sulfide and phosphate salt began . In 1951, the company was nationalized and was now subordinate to the Ministry of Industry and Crafts ( Ministerstwo Przemysłu Drobnego i Rzemiosła ), which existed from 1951 to 1958 . The name of the successor company producing today is Warszawskie Zakłady Przemysłu Nieorganicznego STOCHEM .

See also

References and comments

  1. ↑ according to Halina Kiepurska and Zbignew Pustuła, Raporty warszawskich oberpolicmajstrów (1895–1913) , Instytut Historii, Polska Akademia Nauk (eds.), Zakład Narodowy im. Ossolińskich, in 1871 more than 400 people were employed in the factory
  2. ↑ Zofia Jurkowlaniec and Roland Borchers, Polacy z wyboru: Rodziny pochodzenia niemieckiego w Warszawie w XIX i XX wieku / Poland of free choice: families of German origin in Warsaw in the 19th and 20th centuries , see LitVerz
  3. ↑ Michał Kurc, Elżbietów
  4. ↑ In 1820 the Polish aristocrat Jan Chryzostom Kijewski visited Paris during a trip to Europe, where he met the chemist Ludwik Hirschmann (1782–1857), who had traveled from Lübeck , while giving a lecture on chemical topics . The two became friends; Kijewski married Hirschmann's sister. When Hirschmann's business in Lübeck was bad, he followed Kijewski to Warsaw. He brought experienced employees from Germany into the joint venture, according to Kijewski i… at SirenCityBoy - Moja Warszawa (in Polish, accessed on June 22, 2014)
  5. ↑ Kijewski, a landowner resident there, was the donor and patron of the St. Joseph's Church ( Kościół św. Józefa ) in Błędów, planned by Dmitrij Prussak and built in 1882
  6. ↑ Kijewski i… at SirenCityBoy - Moja Warszawa (in Polish, accessed on June 22, 2014)
  7. ↑ Karol Scholtzes (1807–1895) father was the German-born Karl Christian Scholtze (1772–1838); his sons were Adolf Wawrzyniec Scholtze and his brothers Karol Jerzy and Wojciech Aleksander Scholtze (shareholders of Scholtze, Repphan i S-ka )
  8. ↑ Jan Berger, Historia Białołęki i jej dzień dzisiejszy: Koniec wieku XVIII ( Memento from December 25, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) on the website of the Warsaw District Administration Białołęka (in Polish, accessed on June 22, 2014)
  9. ↑ Rocznik warszawski , Volume 9, Archiwum Państwowe Warszawy i Województwa Warszawskiego (ed.), Państwowy Instytut Wydawniczy, 1969, p. 80
  10. ↑ Kazimierz Kazimierski, Dzieje Śródmieścia , Państwowe Wydawnictwo Naukowe, 1975, p. 628

literature

  • Zofia Jurkowlaniec and Roland Borchers, Polacy z wyboru: Rodziny pochodzenia niemieckiego w Warszawie w XIX i XX wieku / Poland of free choice: Families of German origin in Warsaw in the 19th and 20th centuries , ISBN 978-83-62020-46-1 , Fundacja Wspołpracy Polsko-Niemieckiej / Dom Spotkań z Historią, Warsaw 2012, pp. 199f.

Web links

  • Istniejemy od 1822 roku ... on the website of Warszawskie Zakłady Przemysłu Nieorganicznego STOCHEM (in Polish, accessed on June 22, 2014)
  • View a historical share of the company


Coordinates: 52 ° 15 '48 "  N , 21 ° 3' 33.2"  E