Old German decameron

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A Altdeutsches Decameron existed in the Middle Ages did not, however, about 200 "decameronische" stories went from 1200 to 1500 as a farce or Mare in German by word of mouth, which were summarized in collecting manuscripts. These can hardly be compared with the model of the Italian Decameron by Giovanni Boccaccio from 1348 to 1353, since almost every novella has its own peculiarity due to the narrative material of different authors and the changing effect of oral tradition. Similar novellas or "fabliaux" were also created in France, such as the Cent nouvelles nouvelles between 1456 and 1461, or in England by Geoffrey Chaucer the Canterbury Tales between 1387 and 1400. This may have resulted in "wanderings" between folk literature.

Example: Germany

Common to the stories in the original is the verse form and the pair rhyme , although the length varies. The content gives the impression of a mirror of popular life in contrast to feudal court literature in the 12th and 13th centuries. The lower classes and erotic themes find their way into literature. The three monks at Kolmar from the second chapter of the Unholy Saints are an example from this German collection.

Compositional form

Proud of the performance of German folk culture, the collection shall classify Boccaccio in The Decameron , the 10-day movement, d. H. the telling of ten stories in ten days as a model. In this way, popular themes, motifs and fabrics are accentuated and convey an idea of ​​the peculiarities of medieval German epics . The linguistic reproduction of this linked poetry, which in the original can only be understood by specialists, takes place in prose for better legibility and a gain in effect for the reader. The decision to retell the translation while doing justice to the original also serves both purposes. The peculiarities of the structure and the original arrangement of materials remain unchanged.

The ten chapters

With the eyes of the people

  • The invisible paintings
  • The burning cloth or The Pfaffe Amis can be quartered with a gullible knight's wife. When saying goodbye, the woman gives him a valuable handkerchief because she thinks she can feel his healing power. When her husband comes home and she tells him about the priest, the knight admonishes her because of her stupidity and rides after the Americans. Amis, who expected the knight to arrive and prepared the cloth with a smoldering piece of wood, had to give the cloth back to the knight. This makes his way home. But when the cloth starts to burn, the knight believes that this is because it was a sin to tear the cloth away from the priest. Immediately he rides back to the priest, asks him for mercy and wants to compensate him twice for the value of the cloth. At home the knight and his wife pawn their clothes and give Americans ten pounds. The knight tells the peasants about the incident, and everyone can be included in the priest's intercession for money. Amis breaks up again.
  • The bared knight
  • The naked messenger
  • The brave peasant and the unfaithful bailiff
  • The judge and the devil . The fairy tale tells of the rich judge of a city who is ruthless, unjust and stingy. On the morning of a market day, he was riding out to visit his favorite vineyard when he met a sumptuously dressed, elegant-looking man. The judge asked very rudely who the stranger was and where he came from. When he replies that it is better for him not to know, the judge threatens him with death. Thereupon the stranger reveals himself to be the devil. The judge also wants to know what the devil intends to do in the city. He makes him understand that on this day he has been given the power to take everything with him that is given to him in all seriousness. The judge tells the devil to let him go so that he can see what is being given to the devil in the city. The devil tries to talk him out of it, but the judge forces the devil, invoking God, so that the devil cannot help but take the judge with him. When a woman arrives at the market, the first thing they want is a pig, then a beef and the third a child. The judge asks the devil to take action every time; but the devil refuses because it is not meant seriously. Finally they meet an old, sick, worried woman. When she saw the judge, she began to complain: In his injustice, the judge had stolen her only cow, which was all she had left to live. In the end, she wishes him the hell. The devil replies that this is serious, grabs the judge by the hair and flies away with him through the air. The fairy tale ends with morality: it is unwise advice that looks at the devil. Those who like to drive around with him will be rewarded with a bad reward. ,
  • The Giant
  • The rich city
  • The advisor
  • From a young counselor

Unholy saints

  • The wise servant
  • The wolf pit ,
  • The priest in the trap
  • The Lord God Carver
  • The three monks of Kolmar . The young, beautiful wife of an impoverished man goes to confession to a preacher monk before Easter. As a penance he would like to impose on her to let him see her and to fulfill all his wishes for 30 pieces of silver. Horrified, she put him off and goes to confession to a barefoot monk. He asks her to do the same for 60 silver marks. Still without absolution, she went to an Augustinian monk, who offered her 100 marks. In her conscience she confides in her husband. He sees an opportunity to get rich again. He lets them invite the monks one after the other for the next night, they should bring the money with them, their husband would be gone. He hides behind the wall and when the first monk has deposited his money, he knocks on the wall as if he was coming home early. The monk hides in a washtub of boiling water and dies. The couple are leaning the dead man against the wall when the second monk arrives, followed by the third, who will share the same fate. For the promised four talers, a drunken scholar throws the monks one after the other into the Rhine. On the way back he believes that he has not thrown a monk running in front of him into the Rhine, so he grabs him and throws him into the river. With the rich man he gets the low wages. Morality: an innocent person must abolish the iniquity of the guilty person and whoever poaches in foreign territories receives his just punishment.
  • The tenth of love
  • The swapped miller
  • The devil in the monastery
  • The parson in the cheese basket
  • The thirsty hermit

haughtiness comes before the event

  • Des Muse's teaching is about two men who smear themselves with mus. One begins to cool his little cap and to complain about the other and his clumsiness. If someone has covered himself with mush, which one can overlook with a certain tact, let him go unscathed until one is convinced that one is not in the same embarrassment. Otherwise it can happen to someone like that man who began to arrogantly criticize and then has to accept that like is rewarded for like.
  • The naked emperor is not to be confused with the emperor's new clothes . An emperor of high esteem denies the word of the evangelist Luke: What is exalted will be humbled, and what is humiliated will be exalted. After the bath, someone else pretends to be an emperor and the real one stands naked in front of nothing. None of his former favorites stand by him. At the announced public imperial court, he recognizes the true character of an emperor. The "wrong" emperor secretly reassigns him to his post after he has promised to improve.
  • The farmer and the princess
  • Half the pear
  • The bunny
  • The ross leather dress A story by Hanns Ramminger tells of a knight in the Oberland, whose wife wants to dress as splendidly as the duke's wife. She demands a pompous dress just like the Duchess. The knight has a horse slaughtered to the value of the dress and puts on his wife's skin when she goes to mass in the duchess's entourage. The wise knight drives away the arrogance of his wife and shows who is master of the house
  • The homecoming
  • The mirror
  • The rose bush
  • Housewife and maid

Victories of wisdom

  • The two kings
  • Priest and bishop
  • The forced vow
  • The cog
  • Tumult in the community center
  • Martinsnacht
  • The heron
  • The roast hare that ran away
  • The winemaker's wife
  • The three wishes .

Miracles of true love

  • The Nightingale
  • The monk as a messenger of love (Version A)
  • Poor Heinrich . With the self-sacrificing love of a peasant girl for her master, she saves his life and they marry. The marriage between the high nobility and the peasant girl, which abolishes all class boundaries, completes the impressive, humanistic social utopia of Hartmann von Aue.
  • The daughter of the emperor Lucius
  • The heart
  • Woman loyalty
  • The Buzzard
  • Sociabilis
  • The love test
  • The revenge of the betrayed woman

The faithful wife

  • The eye,
  • The beam,
  • Knight Alexander,
  • Friedrich von Auchenfurt,
  • The faithful merchant's wife,
  • The temptation,
  • The nobleman with the four women
  • The Queen of France and the faithless Marshal,
  • Wife and wooer,
  • The victory belt.

The adulteress

  • The chervil,
  • The trousers of the wooer
  • The string on the toe
  • The knight with the nuts
  • The knight under the tub
  • The canon and the shoemaker's wife,
  • The tenant with the goat,
  • The writer,
  • Thirst for love,
  • The maid's ruse.

The bad woman

  • The confession,
  • The tooth,
  • The evil Adelheid,
  • The husband buried alive
  • Three crafty women
  • The lighthearted widow
  • The recovered lovers
  • The vengeance of the crafty beauties
  • The walled-woman ,
  • The hot iron.

Foolish love

  • The two friends
  • The expulsion of the devil
  • The accused Zwetzler,
  • The sparrowhawk,
  • The foolish miller
  • The fortune telling tree
  • The gosling,
  • The pregnant monk,
  • The lovers on the linden tree,
  • The calf pushed under.

All kinds of rascality

  • The ham thief as the devil,
  • The two friends and the bear
  • The deceitful blind man
  • Revenge,
  • The snow child,
  • The alms,
  • Three crafty fellows
  • The cow thief
  • The competition of the three lovers
  • The pastor killed five times .

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Spiewok: p. 95.
  2. ^ Spiewok: p. 791.
  3. ↑ Spiewok, p. 28
  4. ↑ Spiwok, p. 42
  5. ↑ Bechstein.
  6. ↑ Spiewok: p. 775: Hans Schnepperer from Nuremberg, who wrote under the name of Hans Rosenplüt , is one of the most famous artisan poets of the 15th century, especially as a master singer and author of carnival games . Numerous taunts come from him.
  7. ↑ DNB 790134497
  8. ^ Spiewok: p. 95.
  9. ↑ Spiewok, p. 138
  10. ↑ Spiewok, p. 138
  11. ↑ Spiewok, p. 140
  12. ↑ THE DISCOVERY OF DESIRE. The fairy tale of half a pear.
  13. ^ Spiewok, p. 176
  14. ^ Spiewok, p. 178
  15. ↑ Der Hasenbraten from the Vriolsheimer http://www.handschriftencensus.de/werke/4541 accessed December 11, 2017
  16. ↑ See also: Doris Distelmaier-Haas (ed.): Charles Perrault. All fairy tales. Reclam, Ditzingen 2012, ISBN 978-3-15-008355-0 , pp. 49–52, 136 (translation by Doris Distelmaier-Haas after Charles Perrault: Contes de ma mère l'Oye. Texts établi, annoté et précédé d ' un avant-propos par André Cœuroy, Editions de Cluny, Paris 1948).
  17. ^ Heinrich Kaufringer .
  18. ^ Spiewok, p. 781
  19. ↑ See Dietrich von der Glesse .
  20. ↑ See Heinrich Kaufringer .
  21. ↑ See Fabliau examples: “L'enfant de neige” (The Snow Child) is a story of remarkably black humor. A trader returns home after a two-year absence and finds his wife with a newborn son. She explains to him that on a snowy day she swallowed a snowflake while she was thinking of her husband and that she became pregnant. Both pretend to believe in the miracle and raise the boy up to the age of 15. Then the father takes him on a trading trip to Genoa, where he sells him into slavery. When asked by his wife, he explains to her that the Italian sun has burned bright and hot and that the son conceived by a snowflake has melted in the heat.