Ambrosio Boccanegra

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Ambrosio Boccanegra († 1374 in Palma del Río ) (alternative name: Ambrosio Bocanegra ) was a Castilian sailor of Genoese origin. He was born in Genoa , Italy , and he was the nephew of Simone Boccanegra  , the first Doge of Genoa, son of Egidio Bocanegra, who sailed with a fleet to Castile in 1341 to fight against King Alfonso XI of Castile Support Merinids . His father, Egidio Boccanegra , was also in command of the Castilian fleet.

Life

Naval Battle of La Rochelle by Jean Froissart

During the reign of Alfonso XI, he got houses in Algeciras and Seville in recognition of his father's service in the war against the Merinids who threatened Castile. Just like his father, he became a seaman. During the reign of Peter I of Castile , Ambrosio Boccanegra was in the Castilian Navy from 1359 and was involved, just like his father, in the unsuccessful naval campaign of Peter I against Barcelona during the war of the two Peter . During the First Castilian Civil War , which took place parallel to the war between the two Peter, he and his father took the side of the later King Henry II in 1366 . A year later, his father was executed in Seville by Peter I for his act and his loyalty to Henry, and his lands in Palma del Río were confiscated. After the Battle of Montiel , in which Henry II defeated and killed Peter I, Ambrosio Boccanegra got his father's lands back and helped the king to consolidate his rule. As a thank you, he became Commander-in-Chief (Admiral) of the Castilian fleet in place of his dead father in 1370. So he became the 19th commander in chief of the Castilian fleet.

As such, in the First Ferdinandic War , which was already in full swing, on the open sea near Seville, he defeated the Portuguese fleet, weakened by scurvy , which had blocked Seville for a year and which was on the side of the sympathizers of Peter I who were still in the country . Because of the scurvy and Ambrosio Boccanegra's victory, Portugal had no choice but to lift the blockade. He continued to consolidate the rule of Henry II, which was still endangered because of Ferdinand I of Portugal , who was now striving for the Castilian crown. His subsequent defeat in the war ended his project.

During the Hundred Years War , in which Castile intervened on the French side as thanks for France's support for Henry II during the Civil War, he was in command of the Castilian-French fleet during the Battle of La Rochelle , in which he destroyed the English hit what put the English on the defensive at the time. The victory led to the supremacy of Castile at sea and Henry II rewarded his victory by giving him the lands of Linares.

In a final campaign Boccanegra defeated in the Second Ferdi Andean war the Portuguese in the Battle of Lisbon (1373) when she, along with England and the sympathizers of I. Peter had in mind, Henry II military to overthrow what the Portuguese king Ferdinand I . forced to give up his project in this war too, as he could not expect reinforcements from the English due to the effects of the defeat in La Rochelle. This led to Castile's victory over the coalition.

Shortly before his death, he returned to his lands in Palma del Río, where he died. His successor in the fleet was Fernando Sánchez de Tovar .

See also

bibliography

  • CALDERON ORTEGA, JM y DÍAZ GONZÁLEZ F .: “Los Almirantes del siglo de oro de la marina castellana medieval”. Revista en la España Medieval Nº 24 (2011) pp. 311-364. (Spanish)
  • FERNÁNDEZ DURO, CESAREO (1894). The marina de Castilla desde su origen y pugna con la de Inglaterra hasta la refundición en la Armada española. Madrid. (Spanish) .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Ortega y González p. 333
  2. ↑ Ortega y González pp. 334-336
  3. ↑ Ortega y González p. 339
  4. ↑ III. LOS ALMIRANTES DE CASTILLA, SIGNIFICADOS PERSONALES DE SU ÉPOCA, SIGLOS XIII-XV; Pp.12-13 Los almirantes de Castilla: Descripción Historica Institucional —SIGLOS XIII XVI - Retrieved September 19, 2018. (Spanish) .
  5. ↑ Ortega y González pp. 339-340
  6. ↑ La batalla de La Rochelle, el día que la flota castellana destruyó a la inglesa El Reto Histórico . Retrieved August 12, 2018. (Spanish)
  7. ↑ Ortega y González p. 341
  8. ↑ Ortega y González p. 342
  9. ↑ Fernández Duro p. 139
personal data
SURNAME Ambrosio Boccanegra
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Ambrosio Bocanegra
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Castilian sailor of Genoese origin
DATE OF BIRTH 13th century or 14th century
DATE OF DEATH 1374
Place of death Palma del Río