Battle of Montiel
| date | March 14, 1369 |
|---|---|
| place | Montiel |
| output | Franco-Castilian victory |
| Parties to the conflict | |
|---|---|
|
|
|
| Commander | |
| Troop strength | |
| 15,000 | unknown |
| losses | |
|
unknown |
unknown |
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Chevauchées of the 1340s: Saint-Omer - Auberoche
Edward III. Campaign (1346/47): Caen - Blanchetaque - Crécy - Calais
War of the Breton Succession (1341–1364) : Champtoceaux - Brest - Morlaix - Saint-Pol-de-Léon - La Roche-Derrien - Tournament of Thirty - Mauron - Auray
France's allies : Neville's Cross - Les Espagnols sur Mer - Brignais
Chevauchées of the 1350s: Poitiers
Castilian Civil War & War of the Two Peter (1351–1375): Barcelona - Araviana - Nájera - Montiel
French counter-offensive: La Rochelle - Gravesend
Wars between Portugal and Castile (1369– 1385): Lisbon - Saltés - Lisbon - Aljubarrota
Battle of Northern France: Rouen - Baugé - Meaux - Cravant - La Brossinière - Verneuil
Jeanne d'Arc and the turn of the war: Orléans - Battle of the herring - Jargeau - Meung-sur-Loire - Beaugency - Patay - Compiegne - Gerberoy
The Battle of Montiel took place in 1369 between French and Castilian troops on the one hand and a pro- English alliance on the other, led by Portugal , as part of the Castilian Civil War .
prehistory
The pro-French Enrique , an illegitimate son of the former Castilian king Alfonso XI. , fought his stepbrother Pedro I during this civil war, who was supported by the English. His plan was to overthrow him from the throne. The Castilian Civil War was also a proxy clash between England and France in the Hundred Years War .
The battle
The Franco-Castilian troops were led by Bertrand du Guesclin , while Pedro led the Castilian-Portuguese troops himself. The Battle of Montiel was very bloody and with heavy losses on both sides, but thanks to the brilliant tactics of du Guesclin, Enrique's side was ultimately victorious. After the battle, Pedro fled to Montiel Castle, where he was arrested. Under the pretext that Bertrand du Guesclin wanted to be bribed by him, Pedro was lured out of the castle into a trap. His stepbrother Enrique confronted him in a duel and eventually killed Pedro himself with Bertrand's help.
consequences
His death on March 23, 1369 marked the end of the Castilian Civil War. Enrique, now king of Castile, you appointed Guesclin the Duke of Molina and went a formal alliance with the French king Charles V a. Between 1370 and 1380 the Castilian fleet brought the sea route between England and France under control and devastated the English coast several times, while du Guesclin gradually recaptured Poitou and Normandy from the English.
The attempts of England to change the situation anyway with the help of the King of Portugal, Ferdinand I , failed in the Ferdinandic Wars .
literature
- Joachim Ehlers : The Hundred Years War (= Beck'sche series 2475 CH Beck knowledge ). CH Beck, Munich 2009, ISBN 978-3-406-56275-4 .
- Kelly DeVries, Battles of the Medieval World. 1000-1500. From Hastings to Constantinople. Barnes & Noble, New York NY 2006, ISBN 0-7607-7779-9 , pp. 148-157.