Amfo'an
Amfo'an ( Amfoan , Amfoang , also called Sorbian or Snick-Snack ) was an empire in northwest Timor . The residents belonged to the Atoin Meto ethnic group .
history
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The Portuguese arrived in Timor in the 16th century, followed a hundred years later by the Dutch . The struggle for supremacy on the island between the two colonial powers began. The various Timorese empires into which the island was split up alternately formed alliances with the two parties and also with the Topasse , a mixed population who held real power in the Portuguese part of Timor for a long time.
Amfo'an was the western neighbor of Oecussi and Ambeno , the center of the Portuguese and Topasse on Timor. Even so, her influence on Amfo'an was limited. According to Dutch sources, only one clergyman lived here in 1659. According to 17th century Dutch sources, Sonba'i overlapped with the empire of Amfo'an. Sonba'i had a traditional leadership role in West Timor.
In 1683 Nai Toas , Amfo'an's military leader and brother of the king, sought refuge in Kupang with 154 of his men . Due to his popularity, he feared he would be murdered by the king. More refugees followed and settled in Oescape , near Kupang. In the same year, Amfo'an formed an alliance with the Dutch East India Company (VOC) and became one of the “five loyal allies” of the Dutch, who formed the small sphere of influence of the Dutch on Timor until the 18th century.
After 1756 the Dutch had sovereignty over West Timor, although the local rulers ( rajas ) still had direct control over their territories. Colonial power remained weak. In 1800, Amfo'an was divided into two parts by the operation of the Dutch: Amfoan Naikliu ( Naiklioe ) and Amfoan Timau ( Timoe ). The Raja of Amfo'an Naikliu only ruled over the town of Naikliu and a few small villages, while the Raja of Amfo'an Timau ruled the mountains and the interior. From 1864 to 1870 the Sonba'i and the Sorbians of Amfo'an fought for the rights to use some betel palms in the kingdom of Kupang . In 1910 Amfo'an was reunified under Talnoni , the ruler of Amfo'an Naikliu. His dynasty was not recognized by all residents.
In the 20th century, the colonial rulers finally took over government. The ruler was a local authority until 1962.
Amfo'an today
Amfo'an is now part of the Indonesian West Timor . It is divided into several districts ( Kecamatan ) in the government district of Kupang :
- Amfoang Barat Daya ( Southwest Amfoang )
- Amfoang Barat Laut ( Northwest Amfoang )
- Amfoang Utara ( North Amfoang )
- Amfoang Selatan ( South Amfoang )
- Amfoang Tengah ( Central Amfoang )
- Amfoang Timur ( East Amfoang )
Even today a Raja is crowned by Amfo'an . The current holder of the title has been Robert Gordon Manoh since September 27, 2001 . He is the fourth son of the last ruling Raja. He is a member of the local parliament.
Web links
- Royal Timor: Amfoan ( Memento of November 20, 2008 in the Internet Archive )
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c Hans Hägerdal: Rebellions or factionalism? Timorese forms of resistance in an early colonial context, 1650-1769 ( Memento of the original dated December 8, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ a b Hans Hägerdal: Servião and Belu: Colonial conceptions and the geographical partition of Timor ( Memento of the original from June 11, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF file; 338 kB)
- ↑ a b History of Timor ( Memento of the original from March 24, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. - Lisbon Technical University (PDF file; 805 kB)
- ↑ a b c Royal Timor: Amfoan ( Memento from November 20, 2008 in the Internet Archive )
