Amud cave

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Amud cave

BW

Location: Israel
Geographic
location: 		32 ° 56 '45.2 "  N , 35 ° 17' 46.8"  E Coordinates: 32 ° 56 '45.2 "  N , 35 ° 17' 46.8"  E
Amud Cave (Israel)
Amud cave
Particularities: fossil Neanderthal finds

The Amud Cave is a paleoanthropological site in Israel . The name Amud (Hebrew for "pillar") refers to a stone column that stands at the cave entrance. The cave is about 30 meters above the bed of Wadi Amud , the water of which flows into the Sea of ​​Galilee .

Finds

The Amud Cave was explored by a Japanese team in the early 1960s. On June 28, 1961, Hisashi Suzuki discovered the fossil remains of a Neanderthal man who was about 1.80 meters tall and had an internal skull volume of 1740 cm³. From the advanced ossification of his skull sutures it was deduced that he was about 25 years old. The internal skull volume of the fossil is believed to be the largest ever found in a hominine fossil. Furthermore, in the cave u. a. the partially preserved skeleton of an approximately ten-month-old Neanderthal child was recovered.

An age of 50,000 to 70,000 years was calculated for the Neanderthal finds using thermoluminescence dating . An electron spin resonance -Datierung showed evidence of an age of more than 50,000 years ago.

literature

  • Hitoshi Watanabe and Yukio Kuchikura: Control Precision in the Flaking of Levallois Points from the Amud Cave. A Technological Approach to the Study of Early Man's Manual Dexterity . In: Paléorient. Volume 1, No. 1, 1973, pp. 87-95, full text .
  • Erella Hovers, Yoel Rak, Ron Lavi and William H. Kimbel: Hominid Remains from Amud Cave in the Context of the Levantine Middle Paleolithic. In: Paléorient. Volume 21, No. 2, 1995, pp. 47-61, full text
  • Robert H. Gargett: Middle Paleolithic burial is not a dead issue: the view from Qafzeh, Saint-Césaire, Kebara, Amud and Dederiyeh. In: Journal of Human Evolution. Volume 37, No. 1, 1999, pp. 27-90, doi: 0.1006 / jhev.1999.0301 .
  • Erella Hovers, William H. Kimbel and Yoal Rak: The Amud 7 skeleton - still a burial. Response to Gargett. In: Journal of Human Evolution. Volume 39, No. 2, 2000, pp. 253-260, doi: 10.1006 / jhev.1999.0406 .
  • Ruth Shahack-Gross et al .: Formation processes of cemented features in karstic cave sites revealed using stable oxygen and carbon isotopic analyzes: A case study at middle paleolithic Amud Cave, Israel . In: Geoarchaeology. Volume 23, No. 1, 2008, pp. 43-62, doi: 10.1002 / gea.20203 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Hisashi Suzuki and Fuyuji Takai: The Amud man and his cave site. University of Tokyo Press, Tokyo 1970.
  2. ^ Ian Tattersall : The Strange Case of the Rickety Cossack - and Other Cautionary Tales from Human Evolution. Palgrave Macmillan, New York 2015, p. 149, ISBN 978-1-137-27889-0
  3. ^ Yoel Rak , William H. Kimbel and Erella Hovers: A Neandertal infant from Amud Cave, Israel. In: Journal of Human Evolution . Volume 26, No. 4, 1994, pp. 313-324, doi: 10.1006 / jhev.1994.1019
  4. ^ Hélène Valladas et al .: TL Dates for the Neanderthal Site of the Amud Cave, Israel. In: Journal of Archaeological Science. Volume 26, No. 3, 1999, pp. 259-268, doi: 10.1006 / jasc.1998.0334
  5. ^ W. Jack Rink et al .: Electron spin resonance (ESR) and thermal ionization mass spectrometric (TIMS) 230Th / 234U dating of teeth in Middle Paleolithic layers at Amud Cave, Israel. In: Geoarchaeology. Volume 16, No. 6, 2001, pp. 701-717, doi: 10.1002 / gea.1017