Anbay
Anbay ( Sabaean ʿNBY "the speaker / the preacher" (?) Arabic أنباي, DMG ʿAnbāy ) is a deity often mentioned in Qataban in today's Yemen .
In the official invocations he follows the realm and moon god Amm (cited as RES 3854 and 3945). Often he was even called together with Ḥawkam (also Ḥaukim), as "the one of the command and the will decision". The name Ḥawkam suggests wisdom . These two possibly represented two aspects of a deity comparable to the Assyro - Babylonian god Nabû , associated as a spokesman for the gods, fate and science. Anbay was often addressed as Šāyim (šym) = patron saint and was never absent from Qataban legal relations regarding purchase deeds for houses and graves (clause: bḥg ʿNBY = according to the law of Anbay ); this with the meaning that purchases were only then legally binding (cited as RES 3540).
At the site of today's Ḥeid bin ʿAqīl, Anbay had a temple. At this point there was also the necropolis of the Qataban capital Timna .
literature
- Jacques Ryckmans: The Old South Arab Religion. In: Werner Daum: Yemen, Umschau, Frankfurt / Main, ISBN 3-7016-2251-5 ; Pp. 111-115
Individual evidence
- ↑ Höfner 1970, p. 246. However, the underlying root is not documented in Old South Arabic.
- ↑ a b c Maria Höfner , South Arabia in Dietz Otto Edzard, Gods and Myths in the Middle East, p. 496 f. ( online )
- ↑ a b Jacques Ryckmans , Die Altsüdarabische Religion , (see lit.), p. 112
- ^ Maria Höfner, Südarabien in Dietz Otto Edzard, Götter und Mythen im Vorderen Orient p. 533 ( online ).
- ↑ M. Höfner explains : In the covenant formula (conclusion of the covenant), a distinction is made between šym (patron) and ʿl (= God). The term šym does not express any category in the rank of lower gods to be settled, because the great gods such as Athtar and Almaqah were also referred to as šym. This is made clear by a function and not a rank designation. Rather, the function expresses a certain relationship or a certain position of a god towards people (explanation on p. 533).