Anglo-Indians

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Anglo-Indians ( English Anglo-Indians ) are people who are of British Indian origin, as well as their descendants. Article 366 of the Constitution of India defines the term as follows: “an Anglo-Indian” means a person whose father or any of whose other male progenitors in the male line is or was of European descent but who is domiciled within the territory of India and is or was born within such territory of parents habitually resident therein and not established there for temporary purposes only .

Article 366 (2) of the Indian Constitution protects the descendants of (male) Europeans in India and expressly includes, as Europeans, the former Portuguese colonists of Coromandel and Malabar , who participated in the East India Company.

From the 18th to the mid-19th centuries, British soldiers and employees of the East India Company often married Indian women. The children they shared and the communities established in this way were then called Eurasians. The East India Company also offered financial incentives for this.

It was only with the increasing migration of British and European women and after the sepoy uprising that the Anglo-Indians were more separated and avoided by both British and Indians. The already established, Christian-oriented Anglo-Indian community increasingly remained to itself and was networked across India. She also achieved important positions in the field of telegraphy and railway administration.

Many left India after 1947, the year India declared independence . Until January 2020, the Anglo-Indians were represented in the Lok Sabha , the Indian lower house, by two MPs who were directly appointed by the President. Nehru had promised Frank Anthony this . In states such as Andhra Pradesh , Telangana , Tamil Nadu , Bihar , Uttarakhand , Jharkhand , West Bengal , Karnataka and Kerala , the Anglo-Indians are each represented in the regional parliaments by a member appointed by the governor.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Oxford English Dictionary 2nd Edition (1989)
  2. ^ Anglo-Indian , dictionary.com.
  3. ^ Treaty Bodies Database - Document - State Party Report United Nations Human Rights Website, April 29, 1996.
  4. ↑ Stark, op. Cit.
  5. ↑ Dover, Cedric. Cimmerii or Eurasians and Their Future: An Anglo Indian Heritage Book . London: Simon Wallenberg Press, 2007. pp. 62-63
  6. ↑ Michael Herbert Fisher: Counterflows to Colonialism: Indian Traveler and Settler in Britain 1600-1857 . Orient Blackswan, 2006, ISBN 8178241544 , pp. 111-9, 129-30, 140, 154-6, 160-8.
  7. ^ Michael H. Fisher: Excluding and Including "Natives of India": Early-Nineteenth-Century British-Indian Race Relations in Britain . In: Comparative Studies of South Asia, Africa and the Middle East . tape 27 , no. 2 , 2007, p. 303-314 [304-5] (English).
  8. ↑ http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-20857969
  9. ↑ James Reginald Maher (2007). These are the Anglo Indians. London: Simon Wallenberg Press. (An Anglo Indian Heritage Book)
  10. ^ Frank Anthony, Britain's Betrayal in India: The Story of the Anglo Indian Community. Second edition. London: The Simon Wallenberg Press, 2007, 144-146, 92.
  11. ↑ With the 104th Amendment to the Constitution, this regulation was abolished.
  12. ^ Legislative Assembly. (No longer available online.) APonline.gov.in, archived from the original on February 12, 2017 ; accessed on March 14, 2017 (English). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.aponline.gov.in
  13. ^ Anglo-Indian nominee in T-Assembly to be a new face. The Hindu, June 22, 2014, accessed March 14, 2017 .
  14. ^ Anglo Indian member nominated. The Hindu, May 31, 2016, accessed March 14, 2017 .
  15. ^ S. Rajendran: Congress short-listing Anglo-Indians for Assembly nomination. The Hindu, September 18, 2013, accessed March 14, 2017 .

literature

  • Anthony F "Britain's Betrayal in India: The Story Of The Anglo Indian Community" Simon Wallenberg Press, Amazon Books.
  • Pat Chapman "Taste of the Raj, Hodder & Stoughton , London - ISBN 0-340-68035-0 (1997)
  • DS Dady, "Scattered Seeds: The Diaspora of the Anglo-Indians" Pagoda Press
  • A. Gabb, "1600-1947 Anglo-Indian Legacy"
  • C. Hawes, "Poor Relations: The Making of a Eurasian Community"
  • GJ Moore "The Anglo Indian Vision"
  • HA Stark, "Hostages To India: Or The Life Story of the Anglo Indian Race," Simon Wallenberg Press.
  • Reginald Maher, "These Are The Anglo-Indians" - (An Anglo-Indian Heritage Book) Simon Wallenberg Press
  • Z. Phillips, “The Anglo-Indian Australian Story: My Experience. A collection of Anglo-Indian Migration Heritage Stories "
  • Bridget White-Kumar "The best of Anglo-Indian Cuisine - A Legacy", "Flavors of the Past", "Anglo-Indian Delicacies", "The Anglo-Indian festive Hamper", "A Collection of Anglo-Indian Roasts, Casseroles and bakes "