Anna (East Anglia)

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The Kingdom of East Anglia in the early Anglo-Saxon period

Anna (also: Onna ; † 654 ) was a 7th century king of the Anglo-Saxon kingdom of East Anglia from the Wuffinger dynasty .

family

Anna came from the Wuffinger dynasty . His father was Eni . Æthelhere and Æthelwald were his brothers. Æthelric, named in the Anglian collection as Enis's son, is probably just a misspelling for Æthelhere.

Anna was probably married twice. However, it is controversial whether he was married to Hereswitha and / or Sæwara. His four daughters Seaxburg , Æthelthryth , Æthelburh (illegitimate) and Wihtburh, as well as the stepdaughter Sæthryth are considered saints. According to the Liber Eliensis from the 12th century, Ealdwulf and St. Jurmin are said to have been his sons.

Life

Anna's year of birth and youth are unknown. He was baptized in the 630s by Felix of Burgundy , the "Apostle of East Anglia". King Sigebert abdicated around 637 and retired as a monk in a monastery he had built. He handed the throne over to his relative Ecgric as sole king. Around 640 Penda , King of Mercia attacked East Anglia. Sigebert, who had the reputation of a famous and courageous military leader, was brought out of the monastery by the defeated Ostangeln to encourage the army in the following battle. In keeping with his vows, he is said to have gone into battle unarmed, with only a staff in hand, in the midst of the army. Sigebert and Ecgric fell in battle, the East Anglian army was slain or fled.

East Anglia survived this defeat and the kingship passed to Anna. After the not always reliable Liber Eliensis, Anna ascended the throne in 635 and 637 respectively. The Cnobheresburg Monastery of Abbot Fursa , founded by Sigebert a few years ago, furnished Anna with more imposing buildings and donations. The now defunct monastery complex is probably Burgh Castle near Great Yarmouth in Norfolk. During his reign, Anna had to deal with the expansion efforts of the Penda of Mercia. King Cenwalh of Wessex had to flee from Penda of Mercia around 645 and lived in exile with Anna, from whom he was converted to Christianity, for three years. 648 then succeeded Cenwalh to regain his rule over Wessex, but now Penda turned again against East Anglia. Around the year 650 Penda conquered East Anglia. Anna had to flee temporarily, but was able to regain royalty. Probably in order to consolidate his position Anna married his daughter Æthelthryth around 652 to Tondberht, the princeps Australium Gyruiorum ( Ealdorman of the South Gyrwier), a small, semi-autonomous tribe in the Fens on the border with Mercia. Around 654 Anna and his son Jurmin were killed in action against Penda at the Battle of Bulcamp, who conquered East Anglia a second time. He was buried in Blythburgh (near Southwold , Suffolk) and venerated as a martyr until the 12th century. Anna's brother Æthelhere was installed as his successor, but he was completely dependent on Penda.

swell

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Max Höfler: German book of names of diseases , Verlag Piloty & Loehle, 1899, page 701
  2. ↑ a b c d Beda: HE 3,18
  3. ^ Richard Hoggett: The Archeology of the East Anglian Conversion (Anglo-Saxon Studies), Boydell & Brewer, 2010, ISBN 978-1-84383-595-0 , p. 33.
  4. ^ Anglian collection
  5. ↑ EB Pryde, DE Greenway, S. Porter, I. Roy (Ed.): Handbook of British Chronology (Royal Historical Society Guides and Handbooks) , Cambridge University Press, 1996 (3rd edition), ISBN 978-0-521- 56350-5 , p. 8.
  6. ^ A b Anna in Foundation for Medieval Genealogy
  7. ↑ a b c Janet Fairweather: Liber Eliensis. A History of the Isle of Ely from the Seventh Century to the Twelfth, compiled by a Monk of Ely in the Twelfth Century , Boydell, 2005, ISBN 978-1-84383-015-3 , p. 14.
  8. ↑ Sam Newton: The Origins of Beowulf: And the Pre-Viking Kingdom of East Anglia , Boydell & Brewer, 2004, ISBN 978-0-85991-472-7 , p. XIII.
  9. ↑ a b c Beda: HE 3.8
  10. ↑ a b Janet Fairweather: Liber Eliensis. A History of the Isle of Ely from the Seventh Century to the Twelfth, compiled by a Monk of Ely in the Twelfth Century , Boydell, 2005, ISBN 978-1-84383-015-3 , p. 17.
  11. ↑ Janet Fairweather: Liber Eliensis. A History of the Isle of Ely from the Seventh Century to the Twelfth, compiled by a Monk of Ely in the Twelfth Century , Boydell, 2005, ISBN 978-1-84383-015-3 , p. 21.
  12. ^ A b c d Richard Hoggett: The Archeology of the East Anglian Conversion (Anglo-Saxon Studies) , Boydell & Brewer, 2010, ISBN 978-1-84383-595-0 , pp. 31-32.
  13. ↑ a b Janet Fairweather: Liber Eliensis. A History of the Isle of Ely from the Seventh Century to the Twelfth, compiled by a Monk of Ely in the Twelfth Century , Boydell, 2005, ISBN 978-1-84383-015-3 , p. 22.
  14. ↑ Janet Fairweather: Liber Eliensis. A History of the Isle of Ely from the Seventh Century to the Twelfth, compiled by a Monk of Ely in the Twelfth Century , Boydell, 2005, ISBN 978-1-84383-015-3 , p. 13.
  15. ↑ Beda, HE 3,19
  16. ↑ Beda: HE 3.7
  17. ^ Peter M. Warner: The origins of Suffolk, Manchester University Press, 1996, ISBN 978-0-7190-3817-4 , p. 142.
predecessor Office successor
Ecgric King of East Anglia
around 640–654 		Æthelhere
personal data
SURNAME Anna
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Onna
BRIEF DESCRIPTION King of East Anglia
DATE OF BIRTH 6th century or 7th century
DATE OF DEATH 654