Apocopy

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The Apokopat or Apocopatus is a mode that in the Arabic language occurs. After one of his functions he is sometimes referred to as a jussive . The term "Apokopat" (of . Give a wiki ἀποκοπή apocope "truncation") refers to the formation of the molding and in this sense is a special case of apocope : It corresponds to the past tense . Without final vowel (egيكتبْ yaktub with Sukun instead of yaktubu with Damma ). It is a loan translation of the corresponding Arabic term (المضارع المجزوم, DMG al-muḍāriʿ al-maǧzūm ).

The apocopy has two functional areas: On the one hand, it comes with the perfect meaning after the negation particle lam (e.g.لم يكتب lam yaktub "he did not write") and lammā (لما“Not yet”), in conditional clauses (with time-independent general validity) and as a suffix (asyndetic following clause) to the imperative . On the other hand, in connection with the particle li- the apocopy expresses the positive and after lā the negative jussive (negative imperative, i.e. a prohibition) (e.g.ليكتب li-yaktub "he should write";لا تكتب lā taktub “you shouldn't write, don't write!”). The connecting particles can also fall before the jussive and shorten li- to l- (فلنكتب fa-l-naktub “so let's write!”).