Arlesberg (mountain)
| Arlesberg | ||
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 The Arlesberg from the northeast |
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| height | 650.8 m above sea level NN | |
| location | Thuringia , Germany | |
| Mountains | Thuringian Forest | |
| Coordinates | 50 ° 42 '47 " N , 10 ° 48' 43" E | |
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The Arlesberg in the Geratal district of the same name Arlesberg ( Ilm district ) is 650.8 m above sea level. NN directly on the northern edge of the central Thuringian Forest . To the east of the Arlesberg is the Kieferleite at around 606 m above sea level. NN . Between these mountains the Tame Gera leaves the Thuringian Forest at around 450 m .
topography
From the top of the mountain, the terrain drops steeply to very steeply to the south. The greatest difference in altitude between the foot of the mountain and the summit is around 190 m. To the northwest, the mountain turns into a saddle that connects the Arlesberg with the Alteburg . The Alte Burg tunnel of the Federal Highway 71 runs in this area . To the south-west, the terrain profile shows only a height difference of around 37 m. The mountain has formed prominently on the edge of the mountain range and delimits the narrow valley of the Zahmer Gera when leaving the Thuringian Forest on the west side.
The mountain
The first mentions of the name are: Arlesberg (1503), am Arlesberge (1506), am Arlberg (1557). A name derivation from service tree trees (Central German arls berry) is likely. In the south-western foothills of the Arlesberg, the prerequisite for such a population is given. The name Arlesberg stands for: the forest village Arlesberg , the mountain Arlesberg , the village Arlesberg (1569 to 1923), now part of Geratal , and the Arlesberg forest (since 1594).
With the establishment of the forester's house in 1569 at the foot of the mountain, where the valley of the Zahmer Gera emerges from the Thuringian Forest, the Arlesberg was first settled. At that time, rock cellars were also cut into the mountain range, at the forester's house as well as at the restaurant "Zum Arlesberg". Both buildings no longer exist. Retaining walls that were supposed to protect these buildings from the steep mountain behind them are still in place.
Mining was already in progress on the Arlesberg before 1600, and this was accelerated after 1600. In 1610/11, miners were settled on the north-eastern slope facing the wide, open Geratal valley. Currently, the settlement extends up to a height of around 545 m above sea level. NN . The Arlesberg Bergfriedhof also has its place on the Arlesberg, which runs out to the northeast. Up until the first half of the 20th century, mining for copper, silver, lead, manganese, iron, fluorspar and barite was carried out on the mountain and on the Arlesberg . Of 18 known mine fields, three should be mentioned: Goldene Sonne, Nassbach and Benjaminzeche. The typical changes in the terrain caused by mining characterize some areas, for example on the eastern slope to the Zahmer Geratal, where a pinging train runs up the mountain slope in the middle of Gehlberger Straße behind the residential buildings , and old pits can also be seen west of the high point. A large stone with reference to the old mining industry stands at a distinctive fork in the road southwest of the Arlesberg, where it ends in the direction of Rainwegswiese.
Currently you can go around the mountain on a well-paved path, if you z. B. chooses the Arlesberg cemetery as a starting point. Above the cemetery, ravines run steeply up the mountain in an almost westerly direction. These belonged to the old trade route which, coming from Angelroda , ended at the Arlesberg / Alteburg pass on the more important trade route, Geschwendaer Strasse, or Geschwendaer Weg, or Schneehäuser Weg. This Geschwendaer Weg touches the Arlesberg on its western side and is already mentioned in the Black Forest official description of 1665 as a real elevated road. At that time it continued to the snow houses in the area of the current Schmücke on the Rennsteig.
The forest garden on Arlesberg stretched up behind the forester's house. It was laid out similar to a nature park and had a multitude of special trees. On a small plateau is a memorial stone with the following inscription: In memory of Herm. Braun 8 Aug 1845 . This was dedicated to the memory of his deceased son Hermann by the forester Braun zu Arlesberg.
literature
- Ernst Milan (1880–1973) and HE Müllerott: Archeology and history of Geschwenda in Schwarzburg, first part . Thuringian Chronicle-Verlag HE Müllerott, Arnstadt, 2002
- M. Huneck, R. Irmer, H. Lange: natural and soil monuments in the district of ilmenau . Kulturbund der DDR, 1987
- Herbert Schrickel: Verbology of the field names of the Ilmenau district . Inaugural dissertation, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, 1958
- Luise Gerbing : The field names of the Duchy of Gotha and the forest names of the Thuringian Forest between the Weinstrasse in the west and the Schorte (lock) in the east . Jena 1910; Text archive - Internet Archive
- Rainer Abendroth / Egon Wallendorf: 750 years of Geraberg . Published by Geraberg Municipality, 1994
- Rüdiger Krause : Old mining around Arlesberg . Edited by Kulturbund e. V., District Office Ilmenau, District Office Ilmenau, 1990
- Topographic map M-32-46-Dc Geraberg . 1989 edition, published by Ministry of National Defense, Military Topographical Service
- Klaus Fischer, Rüdiger Krause: Old trade routes in our region . The Geralaube No. 3 from 2010, published by the Geraberg municipal administration, i. A. d. VG Geratal
- Barwinski: Festschrift for the 50th annual celebration of the Elgersburg water sanatorium . Bad Elgersburg, spring 1887, p. 148