Astarte sulcata
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Astarte sulcata |
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| ( Mendes da Costa , 1778) |
Astarte sulcata is a type of mussel from the family of the Astarten (Astartidae).
features
The flat, slightly expanded housings are rounded in outline and are rectangular to egg-shaped with a maximum length of 30 millimeters. They are slightly longer than they are tall (height: 90% of the length). The vertebra lies well in front of the center and is twisted forward (prosogyr). The posterior dorsal margin is slightly convex to almost straight and sloping flat. The anterior dorsal margin is slightly concave and sloping more steeply. The front end is rounded, the rear end truncated-rounded. The ventral margin is moderately convexly rounded. The heart-shaped lunula is clearly defined and sunk with slightly raised edges. The lancet-shaped area is also clearly delimited with slightly raised edges. The ligament is wide and clearly delimited and takes up about a third of the length of the area. The sturdy lock plate has two cardinal teeth in the right flap, the front tooth is wide, the rear tooth is narrow and inconspicuous. There are three cardinal teeth in the left valve, the two front teeth are wide and prominent, the rear one narrow and inconspicuous. The posterior dorsal margin of the right valve also shows a thickened flange that looks almost like a lateral tooth.
The ornamentation in adult animals consists of about 25 to 40 coarse, rounded ribs. The edge of the case is initially smooth in younger individuals, but becomes thicker and serrated with age. At what age or from what size the serrations appear is somewhat different in the individual populations. The shell is colored white. The organic periostracum varies in color from yellow brown to dark brown to almost black. The surface is matt glossy. The surface line is not indented, the two sphincters are about the same size.
Geographical distribution and habitat
The species occurs from Greenland and the Barents Sea to Morocco. It also penetrates into the Mediterranean, but here only at greater depths. But it is missing in the southern North Sea, the Canal and the Baltic Sea.
The mussels live buried shallow in sandy and muddy soils from shallow water (approx. Four meters water depth) to greater depths (approx. 2,500 meters).
Taxonomy
The species was scientifically described by Emanuel Mendes da Costa in 1778 as Pectunculus sulcatus . Today it is placed in the genus Astarte . There are a number of synonyms .
supporting documents
literature
- S. Peter Dance, Rudo von Cosel (arrangement of the German edition): The great book of sea shells. 304 p., Verlag Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart, 1977 ISBN 3-8001-7000-0 (p. 245)
- Fritz Nordsieck : The European sea shells (Bivalvia). From the Arctic Ocean to Cape Verde, the Mediterranean Sea and the Black Sea. 256 p., Gustav Fischer Verlag, Stuttgart 1969 (p. 69)
- Guido Poppe, Yoshihiro Goto: European Seashells Volume 2 (Scaphopoda, Bivalvia, Cephalopoda) . 221 pp., Verlag Christa Hemmen, Wiesbaden 1993 (2000 unc. Reprint), ISBN 3925919104 (p. 91)
- Rainer Willmann: Mussels and snails of the North and Baltic Seas. 310 p., Neumann-Neudamm, Melsungen 1989, ISBN 3-7888-0555-2 (p. 112)
Individual evidence
- ^ Mendez da Costa: Historia naturalis testaceorum Britanniæ, or, the British conchology; containing the descriptions and other particulars of natural history of the shells of Great Britain and Ireland: illustrated with figures. In English and French. - Historia naturalis testaceorum Britanniæ, ou, la conchologie Britannique; contenant les descriptions & autres particularités d'histoire naturelle des coquilles de la Grande Bretagne & de l'Irlande: avec figures en taille douce. En anglois & françois. SI-XII, 1-254, London, Millan, White, Emsley & Robson, 1778 Online at www.biodiversitylibrary.org (p. 192/3)
- ↑ a b MolluscaBase: Astarte sulcata (da Costa, 1778)
