Asylie
Asylie ( Greek ἀσυλία , derived from the Greek word ἄσυλος "inviolable", "unharmed") referred to a privilege in Greek antiquity that a polis , a sanctuary, individual persons or associations of persons and should guarantee protection against violent attacks.
The Greek language knows the verb syláô (Greek συλάω) for the violent robbery of goods or the looting of shrines . Derived from this, the nouns to sulon (Greek τὸ σῦλον) or hê sýlê (Greek ἡ σύλη) denote a self-help act to enforce claims under the law of obligations or to retaliate against injustice suffered, which is not only against the person who caused an injustice, but against one Institution or a community that represented it. If a polis conferred the right of asylum, it assured the recipient that he or she would be protected by assaults, foreclosures or acts of self-help on the part of the lender. Depending on the recipient, a distinction can be made between personal (individuals and associations) and territorial (sanctuaries, cities) asylum. The asylum of Greek cities in the Hellenistic period is documented primarily through inscriptions and coins. The inscriptions concentrate on the Aegean region in the period between 260 and 180 BC. BC, coins report from around 140 BC. About the asylum of Greek cities in the Middle East.
The interpretation of the ancient Greek asyly is controversial. The traditional view in historical research that asylum was primarily intended to protect against piracy has recently been disputed, as there is no historical evidence that the asylum's privilege ever prevented an attack on a city or a war . Rather, it should be seen as an honorary title that one acquired through skillful diplomatic negotiations and that should improve one's own reputation .
literature
- Martin Dreher : Asylum in antiquity from its Greek origins to late Christian antiquity. In: Tyche . Volume 11, 1996, pp. 79-96.
- Martin Dreher (Ed.): The ancient asylum. Cultic basis, legal structure and political function. Cologne 2003.
- Katharina Knäpper: Hieros kai asylos. Territorial asylum in Hellenism in its historical context (= Historia individual writings. Volume 250). Franz Steiner, Stuttgart 2018, ISBN 978-3-515-11992-4 .
- Kent J. Rigsby: Asylia. Territorial Inviolability in the Hellenistic World. Berkeley et al. 1996.
- Paul Stengel : Asylon . In: Paulys Realencyclopadie der classischen Antiquity Science (RE). Volume II, 2, Stuttgart 1896, Sp. 1881-1886.
- Emil Szanto : Ἀσυλία . In: Paulys Realencyclopadie der classischen Antiquity Science (RE). Volume II, 2, Stuttgart 1896, Sp. 1879-1881.
Individual evidence
- ↑ H. Pohl: Roman politics and piracy in the eastern Mediterranean from the 3rd to the 1st century BC. Chr. Berlin / New York 1993, p. 106.
