Trouble (band)

Trouble
Trouble live at Jalometalli 2008
General information
origin	Chicago, United States
Genre (s)	Doom metal
founding	1978
Current occupation
guitar	Bruce Franklin
guitar	Rick Wartell
singing	Kyle Thomas
Electric bass	Rob Hultz
Drums	Marko Lira
former members
singing	Eric Wagner
singing	Kory Clarke
Electric bass	Mike DiPrima
Electric bass	Ian Brown
Electric bass	Sean McAllister
Electric bass	Ron Holzner
Electric bass	Chuck Robinson
Electric bass	Shane Pasqualla
Drums	Mike Slopecki
Drums	Jeff "Oly" Olson
Drums	Dennis Lesh
Drums	Barry Stern

Trouble is a doom metal band formed in Chicago in 1978 . The music of the group, which is counted among the most popular and important representatives of the genre, is considered to be groundbreaking for the style. Trouble is one of the most important and influential Doom Metal interpreters of the 1980s, along with Pentagram , Saint Vitus and Candlemass . The three American groups Pentagram, Saint Vitus and Trouble are often named together as the reason for the success of traditional Doom Metal in the course of the 1980s and as the cause for the establishment of the style as an independent genre under the term Doom Metal.

The band is also counted, together with Place of Skulls , as an important exponent of the style with a Christian message. In particular, due to the promotion of their debut album, the group is considered to be the one for which the style name White Metal was devised. Although the musicians emphasize a negative relationship to this assignment, the band was assigned to the Christian rock and metal scene .

Despite their high popularity, the attributed influence on other music groups and the music genre itself, as well as their status as a cult act , the band's commercial success remained low.

Career progression

The actual success of the group has remained low over the course of their careers. The band's first albums were barely noticed in the United States and found few buyers. Only a contract with the Def American label founded by Rick Rubin at the beginning of the 1990s made it possible for the band to reach a larger audience, although Trouble, despite the production of music videos and the cooperation with the popular label, was unable to assert itself. At the same time, the band's line-up was constantly unstable due to various personnel changes that led to longer gaps in the band's activity phases. Despite their little success in their home country, the group enjoys a high reputation among musicians and has a constant fan base, especially in other European and Asian countries.

Established until the first contract was signed (1978 to 1984)

Guitarist Rick Wartell formed Trouble in 1978 during high school and brought himself in as guitarist and singer for the band. Bassist Mike DiPrima and drummer Mike Slopecki also participated as musicians. In this school band line-up Trouble played a first concert at the Gordon Technical Institute in Chicago. It was only with a 1981 newspaper advertisement in the Illinois Entertainer that Wartell recruited more musicians. With the entry of the second guitarist Bruce Franklin and the singer Eric Wagner, who had previously played together in a band, and the subsequent change in the rhythm section with the bassist Ian Brown and the drummer Jeff Olson, the group formed, which was mostly Troubles as an original line-up is looked at.

In the first years of their activity, the band played a demo tape annually until they were able to sign a contract with Metal Blade Records . Already in the demo phase a burgeoning instability in the line-up of the band became apparent. Up until the recording of their debut, the band performed occasionally in and around Chicago, but played and rehearsed together four times a week incessantly. Trouble came to the contract after her performance at the Deaf Club, in front of deaf people , fans and friends of the band, in Aurora , Illinois , was recorded on February 5, 1983 and became known in the tape trading scene. The recording came into the hands of producer Brian Slagel of Metal Blade Records, who then signed the band.

With Metal Blade Records (1984 to 1987)

In an interview with music journalist Martin Popoff , Wartell said that the group had largely completed the writing process for the tracks for their debut and the second album, The Skull , by the time they left for Los Angeles to record . For the trip to California , the musicians bought a van and rented a trailer for the group's equipment. While driving, the trailer broke away, slid across the lane, lost some of the equipment and pulled the car into the lane. Despite the accident, which caused no major damage, the band continued the journey and completed the recording of Trouble within a few weeks. Bill Metoyer supported the recordings, but was only involved as a sound engineer . The debut album, recorded in the Track Record Studios without an executive producer , was released in March 1984. In the same year, the single Assassin was released. To promote the album, Metal Blade Records arranged some appearances with the thrash metal band Slayer , which the band could complete on their way back to Chicago. However, the tour was poorly attended. Wartell explained that Slayer and Trouble hardly attracted any audience at the time. Only one concert on the tour, which took place in Pismo Beach , was described as impressive with an audience of around 1500 people.

Trouble was barely noticed and, despite benevolent reviews and efforts by the label, did not generate any popularity. Wagner explained that the designation of the band as White Metal, based on the Christian texts, was due to the label's doctoral work at this time. Metal Blade Records thus created a distinction from that time Releases for groups like Slayer and Danzig tried label Black Metal . In the following years the term white metal established itself for Christian bands.

In the following year another demo tape and the second studio album The Skull were released , which were also recorded in the Track Record Studios in Los Angeles. This time Slagel got involved as a producer. To promote the album, Wartell booked a tour along the east coast of the United States , which he described as successful and compared to the tour to Trouble as well attended. Despite the tour, sales of The Skull remained below the expectations of the group and the label. In addition, the problems within the band intensified in the course of the tour, which led to renewed personnel changes. In a biography written for Allmusic , Eduardo Rivadavia names “drug abuse and disenchantment with poor earnings” as key aspects of internal tension. Wagner also reported increased drug use in the group, which sometimes led to a harsher sound on the album The Skull .

In the studios of the Chicago Recording Company, the group recorded the album Run to the Light with Iain Burgess

With the release of the commercially unsuccessful album Run to the Light in 1987, just like Trouble and The Skull, tensions grew on the relationship with the label. The album, recorded in the studios of the Chicago Recording Company with Iain Burgees ( Big Black , Naked Raygun , Ministry ) as sound engineer and Jim Faraci ( Poison , Ratt , LA Guns ) as producer, remained creatively and commercially behind the label's expectations. The following festival appearances, including at the Milwaukee Metalfest , at which the band was able to present themselves to a larger audience, did not improve the sales of the album. Metal Blade Records finally ended the cooperation with Trouble, which led the band into a slump in activity for several years.

With Def American (1989 to 1992)

After three years of inactivity predominant returned Trouble 1990 Def American by Rick Rubin returns as the new contractor and a second self-titled album. The musicians explained the title as a sign of the perceived new beginning of the group. Accordingly, the debut album was renamed Psalm 9 in the course of publication .

Rubin, who also produced the album, signed a deal with the group in 1989. Trouble was highly praised by critics and was followed by a multi-year tour. Def American released several singles from the album and funded music videos for the tracks RIP At the End of My Daze , The Misery Shows (Act 2) and Psychotic Reaction . However, conflicts arose between Def American, the Warner Music Group , which, as a sales company then cooperating with Def America, influenced commercial decisions, and troubles about which pieces should be decoupled and when with music videos, as well as the design of the respective videos.

With Manic Frustration , another album, again produced by Rubin, was released in cooperation with Def America in 1992. Almost 100,000 copies of the album were sold, making it the group's most successful album. In the process of writing and recording Maniac Frustration , the label and management increased the pressure on the band to write songs that would prove to be radio and mainstream suitable. Meanwhile, the musicians' ideas drifted apart. Bruce Franklin explained in an interview with Martin Popoff that during the writing and recording process the group first got into internal conflicts regarding the further musical development of the group. Wagner wanted a more psychedelic , Beatles- influenced sound, while Franklin preferred the continuation of Doom Metal. The conflict between Trouble and Def American also hardened. The label released Memory's Garden and Scuse Me / Sleeper as singles and produced a video for Memory's Garden . The band preferred a video for Scuse Me , this was postponed by the label and refused after the one for Memory's Garden . A tour with White Zombie and Pantera followed the release. Despite the increased promotion and increased sales, the band failed to establish themselves commercially in the mainstream market and the album's success fell short of the label's expectations. Sometimes the musicians and their observers ascribed this to the grunge hype of the early 1990s.

The label, which had run into financial difficulties, soon terminated its contract with Trouble. Wagner explained that after the failure of Manic Frustration , Def America lost faith in the group. After losing their contract, the band withdrew again for a few years. Years after the end of the contract, Wartell and Warner said they respect the decision and have no problem with Rubin as a person. Both emphasized that they benefited from the cooperation and that they had learned a lot about arrangements and studio technology from Rubin.

With Century Media and Pause (1995 to 1997)

Eric Wagner left Trouble in 1997 and formed the band Lid with anathema guitarist Daniel Cavanagh

With Plastic Green Head , the band returned to the public in 1995. The album, produced by André Verhuysen, the promoter of Dynamo Open Air , and Jeff Weller of Laaz Rockit , was recorded at Indigo Ranch Studios in Malibu and Fantasy Studios in Berkeley and released through Century Media . The arguments within the band that began with the recording of Manic Frustration continued. After the group had marketed the album internationally and presented it at festivals such as Dynamo Open Air, Eric Wagner left the band. Although Wagner was replaced, there was a 12 year release hiatus, with occasional appearances in partly different line-ups.

In the following years the band constellation remained volatile. Concerts took place sporadically. Some of the musicians founded or intensified their work with side or follow-up projects such as Lid , Wet Animal or Supershine , whose music was often placed in the direct tradition of Trouble. Bruce Franklin emphasized that the different groups with their respective musical orientations well reflected the creative interests of the different musicians and the resulting tensions within the band. While Wet Animal von Wartell, Pasqualla and Lira turned to stoner rock , Wagner's band Lid was based on the Beatles and the pop and rock music of the 1960s, while the group Supershine, initiated by Franklin and Olson, was most likely to obscure Doom Metal stayed. Although Wagner returned to the band in 2000, the band continued to release no new recordings until 2007.

With Escapi Music (2007 to 2011)

Trouble ended the release hiatus with the album Simple Mind Condition . This was initially only released in Europe via the Swedish doom metal label Escapi Music . The recordings at Mars Recording Compound Studios in Shalersville , Ohio were accompanied by Vincent Wojno, who had already been involved in the recording of the album Plastic Green Head as a sound engineer and had previously produced albums for Kreator and Konkhra . At times the Nirvana drummer and Foo Fighters front man Dave Grohl was in discussion as the drummer for the album. Grohl, who had turned to the band, had to cancel his participation due to deadlines. The album, which was written over five years, is considered the most unpopular of the band. The band eventually toured internationally to support the release but failed with the audience.

Kory Clarke with Trouble at Jalometalli 2008 in Oulu

In the United States, Simple Mind Condition did not appear until 2009, but remained equally unsuccessful there. Before the US release, Unplugged was released in 2008, an EP, also recorded with Wojno, with acoustic versions of well-known Trouble pieces and a cover version of the Yardbirds track Heartful of Soul . Wagner left the group again after the release, whereupon the group toured internationally with Kory Clarke for several years. There were no studio recordings with Clarke. After Clarke left Trouble in 2012, he attacked the remaining members of the band as well as the audience as Christian fundamentalists , spinal tap caricatures and anachronistic Black Sabbath imitations who limit themselves in their creative output. Only the live album Live in LA is evidence of his work for Trouble. Live in LA was part of a series of releases between 2007 and 2011 that documented rarities and different appearances. Clarke left the band in the process of writing the album heralded as The Dark Riff .

With FRW Music and afterwards (since 2013)

The working title The Dark Riff was dropped during the recording process. The album was released in 2013 as The Distortion Field . Thomas wrote the lyrics for the existing music. The recordings were accompanied as a technician by Bill Metoyer, who had already worked as a producer for The Skull . The album was distributed by the Swedish label FRW Music and recorded without a producer. Unlike Simple Mind Condiotion , The Distortion Field was received positively by the majority of audiences and reviewers.

The group decided not to go on an extensive tour to promote their doctorate due to family obligations. The band announced further recordings early on. Trouble announced an album for 2016 on their homepage and on their Facebook page. In an interview conducted in 2017, Thomas explained that the album was in progress, but not finished. A publishing label had not yet been determined at the time of the various statements.

Band constellation

Guitarists Rick Wartell (left) and Bruce Franklin (right) have been permanent members of the band since 1981.

Guitarists Rick Wartell and Bruce Franklin have been permanent members of the band since 1981. In the public perception, the singer Eric Wagner was also an essential member of the band. The bassists and drummers, however, varied several times over the years. Meanwhile, many of the musicians took part in various side and follow-up projects. Different trouble musicians often worked together in such side projects.

Cast history

In most of the group's chronicles, the phase as a student band is skipped. That is why DiPrima and Slopecki, the fellow musicians with whom Wartell Trouble originally founded, are rarely mentioned in band descriptions. Instead of this first line-up, the constellation of guitarists Bruce Franklin and Rick Wartell, singer Eric Wagner, drummer Jeff Olson and bassist Ian Brown is supposed to be the original line-up. From this Franklin and Wartell remained permanently as members of Trouble. The other positions in the group have been filled differently over the years. In particular, the position of bass player was frequently filled. Ian Brown left Trouble in the demo phase and was only replaced by Sean McAllister in 1983, and later by Ron Holzner in 1986. Holzner stayed with the band for a long time and only left the group in 2002, after which Chuck Robinson took over the function of bassist until 2008. Following Robinson, Shane Pasqualla took over the instrument. He left the band in 2013 and was replaced by Rob Hultz. The position of drummer has also been reassigned several times. However, Trouble had regular drummers with Jeff Olson and Marko Lira for long periods of time. Olson left the band for the first time in 1986 and was replaced by Dennis Lesh. Lesh was followed by Barry Stern in 1989 until Olson returned to the band in 1993. This time Olson stayed with the band until 2008 and was then replaced by Marko Lira. The singer Eric Wagner, who was often associated with the band, stayed with the band until 1997. He was replaced by Kyle Thomas, who made several appearances with Trouble and sang as a permanent singer for Trouble after 2012. Previously, Thomas left in 2000 when Wagner returned. Wagner remained Trouble on it until 2008. For the four years between 2008 and 2012, until Thomas re-entered, Kory Clarke took over the vocals.

Side projects and other investments

Jeff Olson was drummer for the band several times and for several years and also founded his own project with Retro Grave.

Almost all musicians were characterized by other band and project participation in the American rock and metal scene . Projects such as Wet Animal , The Skull and Supershine , in which several musicians from the group always took part, were viewed as direct side or follow-up projects of Trouble. Wet Animal was founded by Wartell. Holzner, Olson, Lira and Pasqualla were involved in the band at different times. The Skull was initiated by Wagner and Holzner with the participation of Olson and Robinson. Supershine was founded by Franklin and Olson with Doug Pinnick from King's X. In addition to such groups, some musicians got involved in more distant projects. Franklin took part in the Christian industrial metal project Generation .

Wagner sang for groups like Lid , Blackfinger and Live for projects like Death Row and Probot . Thomas was already known for his work for Exhorder before his time with Trouble and was also active as a singer for groups such as Alabama Thunderpussy and Floodgate . Clarke, on the other hand, was active with rock and post-punk bands such as Warrior Soul , Dirty Rig , Mob Research and L-Seven .

The two early band members DiPrima and Slopecki, like Ian Brown, remain without significant involvement in other metal or rock projects. The subsequent bassist McAllister was also not distinguished by further participations. Holzner founded the Doom supergroup Debris Inc. with Saint Vitus guitarist Dave Chandler and Down drummer Jimmy Bower in 2001 , and the thrash metal band Earthen Grave with The Living Fields guitarist Jason Muxlow and played for in 2002 Place of Skulls . Hultz, on the other hand, was known through his stakes in Godspeed and Solace even before his stake in Trouble.

In addition to the various Trouble side projects, drummer Jeff Olson took part in Place of Skulls in 2013 and founded the doom metal project Retro Grave in the 2000s . Dennis Lesh, however, participated temporarily Chastain of Mike Varney and to Kenziner and Stygian . Barry Stern, who became known with Zoetrope , joined the supergroup Debris Inc. alongside Trouble before he died in April 2005 as a result of complications from a hip operation.

Cast overview

Work and effect

Discography

Demos 1980: 1980 demo (self-published) 1982: 1982 demo (self-published) 1983: 1983 demo (self-published) 1983: Live (Midwest Heavy Metal Promotion) 1985: 1985 demo (self-published) 1994: One for the Road (JWM Intl.) Studio albums 1984: Trouble later distributed as Psalm 9 (Metal Blade Records) 1985: The Skull (Metal Blade Records) 1987: Run to the Light (Metal Blade Records) 1990: Trouble (Def American Recordings) 1992: Manic Frustration (Def American Recordings) 1995: Plastic Green Head (Century Media) 2007: Simple Mind Condition (Escapi Music) 2013: The Distortion Field (FRW Music) Singles and EPs 1984: Assassin (Metal Blade Records) 1990: The Misery Shows (Act II) (Def American Recordings) 1990: The Misery Shows (Act II) / RIP (Def American Recordings) 1990: The Wolf / Psychotic Reaction (Def American Recordings) 1992: Memory's Garden (Def American Recordings) 1992: Scuse Me / Sleeper (Def American Recordings) 1992: Three Selections from Manic Frustration (Def American Recordings) 2008: Unplugged (Trouble Inc., EP) Sampler contributions 1984: The Last Judgment on Metal Massacre IV (Metal Blade Records) 1992: Manic Frustration on Knockin 'on Heavy's Door ( Rock Hard promotional split EP ) Compilations and box sets 1991: Psalm 9 / The Skull (Metal Blade Records) 2011: Revelations (Life Or Death): Demos & Rarities 1980-95 (High Roller Records) 2011: Victim Of The Insane: Demos & Rarities 1984-94 (High Roller Records) 2011: Black Shapes of Doom (High Roller Records) Live albums and official bootlegs 2007: Live Dallas Texas 03/12/90 (Trouble Inc.) 2009: Live in Los Angeles 2008 (self-published) 2010: Live Palatine 1989 (self-published) 2010: Live Schaumburg 1993 (Escapi Music) 2011: Live 1993 (High Roller Records) 2011: Black Shapes of Doom (High Roller Records) DVDs 2006: Live in Stockholm (Escapi Music, DVD) 2007: Videos (Trouble Inc., DVD)

Trouble's music is mostly classic Doom Metal. The group is said to be of great importance for the development and dissemination of the musical style. The group drew on influences from Heavy Metal , New Wave of British Heavy Metal , Hard Rock and Psychedelic Rock . The religious and spiritual orientation of the lyrics also led to the establishment of the term white metal, for metal with Christian content, for which Trouble is also considered to be groundbreaking.

Reception and meaning

The music journalist Garry Sharpe-Young describes Trouble as a “cult act” of Doom Metal. Together with Pentagram and Saint Vitus , the band is part of the Holy American Doom Trinty , US Doom Trinity or Doom Trinity . The success of Doom Metal in the course of the 1980s is attributed to the three groups together with the Swedish band Candlemass . With the debut albums of the three bands Trouble , later Psalm 9 , Saint Vitus and Pentagram , later Relentless , released in 1984 and 1985, the success of the traditional genre is attributed to the American Doom Trinity , while Candlemass is attributed to the formulation of the Epic Doom . All four bands are said to have established the music collectively as an independent genre under the term Doom Metal. The music journalist Martin Popoff even describes Trouble as the "originator of the genre after Black Sabbath and perhaps Witchfinder General ". Robert Pasbani also emphasizes the importance of the band for the genre in a review of the debut written for the webzine Metal Injection.

“Until Trouble and their like came along, Black Sabbath's original, slothful, down-tuned template for heavy metal was simply called, well, 'heavy metal,' and had been largely relegated to the dustbin of music history amid the conquering onslaught of thrash . ”

“By the time Trouble and their ilk [especially Candelmass and Saint Vitus] surfaced, Black Sabbath's original, lazy, down-tuned heavy metal sound was, well, simply called 'heavy metal' and was mostly in the trash can under the overwhelming onslaught of thrash Music history has been banned. "

- Robert Pasbani: Throwback Thursday: Know Your Doom Metal Roots with TROUBLE's Psalm 9

Even with Trouble , the band stood out from the blues- influenced Pentagram and the punk- inspired Saint Vitus with their dynamic pace and clearer production. With their own mix of styles, influenced by groups like Judas Priest , Trouble is known as the catchiest group in the US Doom Trinity . In particular, the influence of the New Wave of British Heavy Metal shaped the perception of the group as groundbreaking and those of the first four Trouble albums as “reference works” of the genre.

Although the continuing style development is more likely to be attributed to Saint Vitus and Candlemass, Trouble is described as the band that was most likely to have helped the traditional style to success and spread, despite its own commercial failure. Eduardo Rivadavia describes the album Psalm 9 in a review written for Allmusic as one of the "opening volleys of a really American-brewed Doom style". He assumed that “the band was busy updating the history of Doom Metal for the new decade.” Manilla Road drummer and Deaf Forever editor Andreas “Neudi” Neuderth names the band's music similarly in a review of The Skull album as a "blueprint for [the] subgenre". Garry Sharpe-Young describes the group as groundbreaking for the representatives of stoner rock .

The editor-in-chief of Deaf Forever Götz Kühnemund puts the band's importance for Doom Metal next to Candlemass and Black Sabbath. He explains that "[a] ll three [...] were so defining the style of the genre that there is no need to discuss their meaning any further". In his review of the album Psalm 9 , he explains that this debut, in terms of its importance for the genre, “should be rated even higher than any Black Sabbath record with Ozzy ”. In an interview with Deaf Forever editor Wolf-Rüdiger Mühlmann, Cathedral founder and Rise Above Records owner Lee Dorrian named the same three music groups as essential and The Skull as, in his opinion, the best Doom Metal album. Music journalist Ian Christe listed Psalm 9 and The Skull in his list of the most important genre publications in his metal chronology Sound of the Beast . In other, similar lists, at least one of the first two albums is usually listed. The British Metal Hammer mentions Psalm 9 among the "10 Essential Doom Metal Albums". On similar lists, Psalm 9 is made by Loudwire , Kerrang . In more extensive genre lists like Decibel and Deaf Forever both albums are mentioned.

style

Trouble's early albums are considered “reference works”, “genre classics” and “blueprints” of traditional Doom Metal. For Andreas Stappert from Deaf Forever, "[Trouble] has been drifting noticeably towards psychedelic rock with Beatles harmonies since the nineties ."

Eduardo Rivadavia describes the band's early work in his review of the album Psalm 9 , written for Allmusic, as "a great reminiscence of the 1970s in every respect (appearance, sound, etc.)". Former singer Kory Clarke criticized this style after leaving in 2012, describing Trouble as "a band that is over 30 years old and that plays and sounds just like that." In retrospect, however, the group's early work is often an antithesis to that of the early 1980s Years of popular metal sub-styles speed and thrash metal , as the simultaneously active groups of the new wave of British heavy metal, thrash metal and speed metal acted with increasing speed and trouble consciously and contrary to the trend of the time played slow metal .

The music is described as a melange of the early Black Sabbath and the New Wave of British Heavy Metal . Wagner confirmed that the description corresponded to the influences of the band at the beginning of their career, but added that other interpreters, especially those of psychedelic rock and hard rock , had influenced Trouble early on. Wartell supplemented and specified the classification in a conversation with Martin Popoff.

"[I] t was like, we wanted to be as heavy as Black Sabbath but with the double guitars of Judas Priest [.]"

"It was like we wanted to be as heavy as Black Sabbath, but with two guitarists like Judas Priest."

- Rick Wartell after Martin Popoff

Accordingly, Trouble is usually attested to having its own style. Although this style suggests comparisons with Pentagram and Saint Vitus, it differs from these Doom representatives with a dynamic pace, a clearer production and Wagner's distinctive vocals. A special characteristic of this sound is the guitar playing of the two guitarists Franklin and Wartell, which is bold , powerful and at the same time melodic , in combination with the high vocals of Wagner. Wagner is attested positively to have a “tearful voice”, which, however, as a “high-pitched screeching voice polarized [the listeners] from the start”. The music journalist Aleksey Evdokimov even describes Wagner in his Doom Metal Lexicanum as “one of the most charismatic singers on the rock and metal scene”, whose voice is unmistakable.

With Manic Frustration and Plastic Green Head , the band varied the influences and reduced the hard metal sound in favor of music more oriented towards stoner and psychedelic rock. Nevertheless, the band retained its essential components. With Simple Mind Condition , the group increasingly returned to the sound of previous releases, but no longer aimed at the harshness of the first releases.

content

Singer Eric Wagner, who wrote most of the lyrics, named John Lennon and Jim Morrison as important inspiration for his own lyrics. His early songs in particular were shaped by his Catholic upbringing. In part, Wagner wanted to differentiate himself from the provocatively satanic metal scene with the Christian lyrics. However, his texts did not arise from any instructive or converting request. Rather, they were an expression of a process of self-discovery. Accordingly, the songs are named by his bandmates as an expression of specific phases of life. According to Wartell, the album The Skull deals with topics such as suicide and death and represents “the most depressing time [in Wagner's] life”. Later song lyrics became more cryptic and less obviously Christian. Sometimes the texts by Manic Frustration and Plastic Green Head have been certified as having an increased influence of the drugs they consume.

Nevertheless, the group was often confronted with the lyrics of the first albums and given the term White Metal created for them by the Metal Blade Records label . However, the musicians later rejected the name. In particular, the desire associated with the label to preach about their music was reluctant to the musicians.

The lyrics to The Distortion Field came mainly from Korey Clarke and Bruce Franklin, but were based on the songs written by Wagner. Kyle Thomas added that "dark and mysterious themes" are an important constant in the overall work of the band. Christian issues increased again over the texts written by Franklin as he turned to Christianity in the course of the 1990s.

literature

• Aleksey Evdokimov: Doom Metal Lexicanum . Cult Never Dies, London 2017, ISBN 978-0-9933077-6-8 , Trouble, pp. 244 - 248 (English).
• Martin Popoff: Popoff Archive . 1: Doom Metal. Power Chord Press, Toronto 2016, ISBN 978-0-9952533-1-5 (English).
• Garry Sharpe-Young: AZ of Doom, Goth & Stoner Metal . Rockdetector, 2003, ISBN 1-901447-14-6 , pp. 427 f . (English).

Web links

Commons : Trouble  - album with pictures, videos and audio files

• Trouble at AllMusic (English)
• Trouble at laut.de
• Trouble with Discogs

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b} Robert Pasbani: Throwback Thursday: Know Your Roots with Doom Metal TROUBLE's Psalm 9. Metal Injection, April 4, 2013, archived from the original on 27 August 2016 ; accessed on August 2, 2018 . 
2. ↑ Aleksey Evdokimov: Doom Metal Lexicanum . Cult Never Dies, London 2017, ISBN 978-0-9933077-6-8 , Trouble, pp. 244-248 (English).
3. ↑ ^{a b c d e f g h i} Biography. Trouble, 2016, archived from the original on February 20, 2016 ; accessed on July 31, 2018 . 
4. ↑ Robert Pasbani: Throwback Thursday: Know Your Doom Metal Roots with TROUBLE's Psalm 9. Metal Injection, April 4, 2013, archived from the original on August 27, 2016 ; accessed on August 2, 2018 . Aleksey Evdokimov: Doom Metal Lexicanum . Cult Never Dies, London 2017, ISBN 978-0-9933077-6-8 , Trouble, pp. 
    244-248 (English). Biography. Trouble, 2016, archived from the original on February 20, 2016 ; accessed on July 31, 2018 .
    
5. ^ Martin Popoff: Popoff Archive . 1: Doom Metal. Power Chord Press, Toronto 2016, ISBN 978-0-9952533-1-5 , pp. 27 (English).
6. ↑ ^{a b c d e} Aleksey Evdokimov: Doom Metal Lexicanum . Cult Never Dies, London 2017, ISBN 978-0-9933077-6-8 , Trouble, pp. 244 f . (English).
7. ^ Martin Popoff: Popoff Archive . 1: Doom Metal. Power Chord Press, Toronto 2016, ISBN 978-0-9952533-1-5 , pp. 177 (English).
8. ^ ^{A b} Martin Popoff: Popoff Archive . 1: Doom Metal. Power Chord Press, Toronto 2016, ISBN 978-0-9952533-1-5 , pp. 182 (English).
9. ↑ ^{a b c} Martin Popoff: Popoff Archive . 1: Doom Metal. Power Chord Press, Toronto 2016, ISBN 978-0-9952533-1-5 , pp. 184 (English).
10. ↑ ^{a b c d} Aleksey Evdokimov: Doom Metal Lexicanum . Cult Never Dies, London 2017, ISBN 978-0-9933077-6-8 , Trouble, pp. 244-248 (English). Eduardo Rivadavia: Artist Biography. Allmusic, archived from the original on 2017 ; accessed on July 31, 2018 .
     
11. ^ ^{A b} Luxi Lahtinen: Interview with Trouble. Metal Rules, January 2004, archived from the original on September 21, 2017 ; accessed on August 1, 2018 . 
12. ↑ ^{a b c d e f} Eduardo Rivadavia: Artist Biography. Allmusic, archived from the original on 2017 ; accessed on July 31, 2018 . 
13. ↑ Eduardo Rivadavia: Artist Biography. Allmusic, archived from the original on 2017 ; accessed on July 31, 2018 . Luxi Lahtinen: Interview with Trouble. Metal Rules, January 2004, archived from the original on September 21, 2017 ; accessed on August 1, 2018 . 
     
14. ^ Ian Christe: Sound of the Beast . The Complete Headbanging History of Heavy Metal. HarperCollins, New York 2003, ISBN 0-380-81127-8 , pp. 201 . Eduardo Rivadavia: Artist Biography. Allmusic, archived from the original on 2017 ; accessed on July 31, 2018 .
     
15. ↑ ^{a b c} Martin Popoff: Popoff Archive . 1: Doom Metal. Power Chord Press, Toronto 2016, ISBN 978-0-9952533-1-5 , pp. 33 (English).
16. ↑ ^{a b c d e f} Biography. Trouble, 2016, archived from the original on February 20, 2016 ; accessed on July 31, 2018 . Eduardo Rivadavia: Artist Biography. Allmusic, archived from the original on 2017 ; accessed on July 31, 2018 . 
     
17. ↑ ^{a b c} Aleksey Evdokimov: Doom Metal Lexicanum . Cult Never Dies, London 2017, ISBN 978-0-9933077-6-8 , Trouble, pp. 247 (English).
18. ^ Martin Popoff: Popoff Archive . 1: Doom Metal. Power Chord Press, Toronto 2016, ISBN 978-0-9952533-1-5 , pp. 137 (English).
19. ^ Martin Popoff: Popoff Archive . 1: Doom Metal. Power Chord Press, Toronto 2016, ISBN 978-0-9952533-1-5 , pp. 32 (English).
20. ^ Martin Popoff: Popoff Archive . 1: Doom Metal. Power Chord Press, Toronto 2016, ISBN 978-0-9952533-1-5 , pp. 31 f. and p. 138 (English).
21. ^ ^{A b} Martin Popoff: Popoff Archive . 1: Doom Metal. Power Chord Press, Toronto 2016, ISBN 978-0-9952533-1-5 , pp. 137 (English). Aleksey Evdokimov: Doom Metal Lexicanum . Cult Never Dies, London 2017, ISBN 978-0-9933077-6-8 , Trouble, pp.
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22. ^ Martin Popoff: Popoff Archive . 1: Doom Metal. Power Chord Press, Toronto 2016, ISBN 978-0-9952533-1-5 , pp. 135 and p. 137 (English).
23. ^ Martin Popoff: Popoff Archive . 1: Doom Metal. Power Chord Press, Toronto 2016, ISBN 978-0-9952533-1-5 , pp. 137 and p. 135 (English). Andreas Stappert: The History of Doom . In: Deaf Forever . November 2014, p.
     19 . Eduardo Rivadavia: Artist Biography. Allmusic, archived from the original on 2017 ; accessed on July 31, 2018 . Wet Animal. BNR Productions, May 26, 2015, archived from the original on August 1, 2018 ; accessed on August 1, 2018 . Luxi Lahtinen: Interview with Trouble. Metal Rules, January 2004, archived from the original on September 21, 2017 ; accessed on August 1, 2018 .
     
     
     
24. ^ Iceman: Interview: Rick Wartell Trouble. Heavy Metal Heaven, 2005, archived from the original on August 2, 2018 ; accessed on August 2, 2018 . 
25. ↑ ^{a b} Aleksey Evdokimov: Doom Metal Lexicanum . Cult Never Dies, London 2017, ISBN 978-0-9933077-6-8 , Trouble, pp. 247 f . (English). Biography. Trouble, 2016, archived from the original on February 20, 2016 ; accessed on July 31, 2018 .
     
26. ^ ^{A b} Amy Sciarretto: Trouble Vocalist Kory Clarke Quits, Disses Former Bandmates. noisecreep, archived from the original on September 13, 2015 ; accessed on August 6, 2018 . 
27. ↑ Aleksey Evdokimov: Doom Metal Lexicanum . Cult Never Dies, London 2017, ISBN 978-0-9933077-6-8 , Trouble, pp. 247 f . (English). Biography. Trouble, 2016, archived from the original on February 20, 2016 ; accessed on July 31, 2018 . Aleks Evdokimov: Interview with Trouble. Doom-Metal.com, January 14, 2017, archived from the original on August 1, 2018 ; accessed on August 1, 2018 .
     
     
28. ↑ Aleksey Evdokimov: Doom Metal Lexicanum . Cult Never Dies, London 2017, ISBN 978-0-9933077-6-8 , Trouble, pp. 244-248 (English). Biography. Trouble, 2016, archived from the original on February 20, 2016 ; accessed on July 31, 2018 . Eduardo Rivadavia: Artist Biography. Allmusic, archived from the original on 2017 ; accessed on July 31, 2018 .
     
     
29. ^ ^{A b} Garry Sharpe-Young: AZ of Doom, Goth & Stoner Metal . Rockdetector, 2003, ISBN 1-901447-14-6 , pp. 427 f . (English).
30. ↑ Aleksey Evdokimov: Doom Metal Lexicanum . Cult Never Dies, London 2017, ISBN 978-0-9933077-6-8 , Trouble, pp. 244 f . (English). Ian Christe: Sound of the Beast . The Complete Headbanging History of Heavy Metal. HarperCollins, New York 2003, ISBN 0-380-81127-8 , pp.
     345 f . Götz Kühnemund: Candlemass: Nightfall . In: Deaf Forever . November 2014, p.
     21 .
31. ↑ Aleksey Evdokimov: Doom Metal Lexicanum . Cult Never Dies, London 2017, ISBN 978-0-9933077-6-8 , Trouble, pp. 244 f . (English). Ian Christe: Sound of the Beast . The Complete Headbanging History of Heavy Metal. HarperCollins, New York 2003, ISBN 0-380-81127-8 , pp.
     345 f .
32. ^ Martin Popoff: Popoff Archive . 1: Doom Metal. Power Chord Press, Toronto 2016, ISBN 978-0-9952533-1-5 , pp. 28 (English).
33. ↑ Götz Kühnemund: Trouble: Psalm 9 . In: Deaf Forever . November 2014, p. 21 . Markus Endres: Trouble: The Distortion Fields. Metal.de, August 1, 2013, archived from the original on August 1, 2018 ; accessed on August 1, 2018 .
     
34. ↑ Doom-Metal.com: The history of doom metal. Archived from the original on October 12, 2007 ; accessed on July 30, 2018 . 
35. ^ ^{A b} Eduardo Rivadavia: Trouble: Psalm 9. Allmusic, archived from the original on March 9, 2017 ; accessed on July 30, 2018 . 
36. ^ ^{A b c} Andreas "Neudi" Neuderth: Trouble: The Skull . In: Deaf Forever . November 2014, p. 22 .
37. ↑ Götz Kühnemund: Candlemass: Nightfall . In: Deaf Forever . November 2014, p. 21 .
38. ↑ ^{a b} Götz Kühnemund: Trouble: Psalm 9 . In: Deaf Forever . November 2014, p. 21 .
39. ↑ Wolf-Rüdiger Mühlmann: Lee Dorrian . In: Deaf Forever . November 2014, p. 27 .
40. ^ Ian Christe: Sound of the Beast . The Complete Headbanging History of Heavy Metal. HarperCollins, New York 2003, ISBN 0-380-81127-8 , pp. 349 .
41. ↑ Chris Chandler: The 10 Essential Doom Metal Albums. Metal Hammer, October 5, 2016, archived from the original on August 2, 2018 ; accessed on August 2, 2018 . 
42. ↑ Joe Divita: Top 25 Metal Albums of All Times. Loudwire, archived from the original on February 15, 2018 ; accessed on August 2, 2018 . 
43. ↑ Nick Ruskell: Heavy, Slow, Stoned: 13 Doom Metal Albums Everyone Should Own. Kerrang, October 20, 2017, archived from the original on October 20, 2017 ; accessed on August 2, 2018 . 
44. ↑ Shawn Bosler: Trouble: The Skull . In: Decibel . 2014, ISSN  1557-2137 , p. 23 . Sean Fraiser: Trouble: Psalm 9 . In: Decibel . 2014, ISSN 1557-2137 , p.
      41 .
45. ↑ Andreas "Neudi" Neuderth: Trouble: The Skull . In: Deaf Forever . November 2014, p. 22 . Götz Kühnemund: Trouble: Psalm 9 . In: Deaf Forever . November 2014, p.
     21 .
46. ↑ Markus Endres: Trouble: The Distortion Fields. Metal.de, August 1, 2013, archived from the original on August 1, 2018 ; accessed on August 1, 2018 . 
47. ↑ ^{a b} Andreas Stappert: The History of Doom . In: Deaf Forever . November 2014, p. 19 .
48. ↑ Andreas "Neudi" Neuderth: Trouble: The Skull . In: Deaf Forever . November 2014, p. 22 . Ian Christe: Sound of the Beast . The Complete Headbanging History of Heavy Metal. HarperCollins, New York 2003, ISBN 0-380-81127-8 , pp.
     345 .
49. ^ Martin Popoff: Popoff Archive . 1: Doom Metal. Power Chord Press, Toronto 2016, ISBN 978-0-9952533-1-5 , pp. 27 f . (English).
50. ^ Martin Popoff: Popoff Archive . 1: Doom Metal. Power Chord Press, Toronto 2016, ISBN 978-0-9952533-1-5 , pp. 183 (English).
51. ^ Stefan Gebauer: Trouble: Psalm 9 - The Skull. Rocktimes, December 5, 2006, accessed August 2, 2018 . Stefan Lang: Trouble: Trouble. Powermetal, September 13, 2000, archived from the original on August 2, 2018 ; accessed on August 2, 2018 . Lars Strutz: Trouble: Psalm 9. Powermetal, December 2, 2006, archived from the original on August 2, 2018 ; accessed on August 2, 2018 . Aleksey Evdokimov: Doom Metal Lexicanum . Cult Never Dies, London 2017, ISBN 978-0-9933077-6-8 , Trouble, pp. 
     
     
     244-248 (English).
52. ↑ Aleksey Evdokimov: Doom Metal Lexicanum . Cult Never Dies, London 2017, ISBN 978-0-9933077-6-8 , Trouble, pp. 244 (English).
53. ↑ Aleksey Evdokimov: Doom Metal Lexicanum . Cult Never Dies, London 2017, ISBN 978-0-9933077-6-8 , Trouble, pp. 244-248 (English). Martin Popoff: Popoff Archive . 1: Doom Metal. Power Chord Press, Toronto 2016, ISBN 978-0-9952533-1-5 , pp.
     32 and p. 181 (English). Eduardo Rivadavia: Artist Biography. Allmusic, archived from the original on 2017 ; accessed on July 31, 2018 .
     
54. ^ Martin Popoff: Popoff Archive . 1: Doom Metal. Power Chord Press, Toronto 2016, ISBN 978-0-9952533-1-5 , pp. 29, 139 and 178 (English).
55. ↑ Aleksey Evdokimov: Doom Metal Lexicanum . Cult Never Dies, London 2017, ISBN 978-0-9933077-6-8 , Trouble, pp. 244-248 (English). Martin Popoff: Popoff Archive . 1: Doom Metal. Power Chord Press, Toronto 2016, ISBN 978-0-9952533-1-5 , pp.
     136 (English).
56. ^ Luxi Lahtinen: Interview with Trouble. Metal Rules, January 2004, archived from the original on September 21, 2017 ; accessed on August 1, 2018 . Martin Popoff: Popoff Archive . 1: Doom Metal. Power Chord Press, Toronto 2016, ISBN 978-0-9952533-1-5 , pp. 
     29 (English).
57. ↑ Aleksey Evdokimov: Doom Metal Lexicanum . Cult Never Dies, London 2017, ISBN 978-0-9933077-6-8 , Trouble, pp. 244-248 (English). Martin Popoff: Popoff Archive . 1: Doom Metal. Power Chord Press, Toronto 2016, ISBN 978-0-9952533-1-5 , pp.
     29 (English). Amy Sciarretto: Trouble Vocalist Kory Clarke Quits, Disses Former Bandmates. noisecreep, archived from the original on September 13, 2015 ; accessed on August 6, 2018 . Aleks Evdokimov: Interview with Trouble. Doom-Metal.com, January 14, 2017, archived from the original on August 1, 2018 ; accessed on August 1, 2018 .
     
     

This article was added to the list of articles worth reading on September 16, 2018 in this version .