Atabaque
Atabaque is a drum that is used in Brazilian music , especially in the ritual of the Afro-Brazilian religions Candomblé , Umbanda and Macumba , in accompaniment of the combat dance Capoeira , in the Samba de roda and Samba de caboclo .
In the ritual area, a set consists of three drums: The deepest and largest is the rum (approx. 120 cm), the rumpi (approx. 90 cm) is tuned a little higher , the highest and smallest is called lê (approx. 70 cm). The dimensions can vary greatly.
Similar to the conga , the atabaque is a barrel-shaped tubular drum and is actually still often made by barrel makers . However, it is more elongated, less bulbous and tapers, especially at the lower end, more clearly than the conga. Because of the narrow bowl opening, the atabaque usually rests in a stand and is then played standing because of its size. The fur (mostly made of goat skin) used to be tuned with a cord-peg lacing, today a screw tension is mostly used.
Whether the atabaque is played as a hand drum or with wooden sticks depends on the cultural context in which it is used. Most concise is probably the game with a thick stick and a free hand on the rum, or with two long, thin sticks on rumpi and lê . This way of playing is characteristic of the music of the Candomblé-Ketu. All other styles are played with the hands. The technique is largely identical to the conga hitting technique, but only open slaps are played, not closed.
Like the music that is played on it, the instrument itself is of African origin. The Arabic influence (in Arabic, tabaq , pl. Atabaq is the name for a barrel drum) and that of Portugal are not yet clear.
See also
- Candomblé music (on music tradition and function in the ensemble)
- Batá drum (in the music of the Cuban Santería )
- Ilú
literature
- Tiago de Oliveira Pinto: Capoeira, Samba, Candomblé. Afro-Brazilian music in Recôncavo, Bahia. Pp. 188-193. Reimer, Berlin 1991 (publications of the Museum für Völkerkunde Berlin NF, Dept. Musikethnologie 7). ISBN 3-496-00497-5
