Kileler revolt

The uprising Kileler ( Greek Εξέγερση του Κιλελέρ Exergesi tou Kileler ) took place on 6 March 1910 at the Greek Kileler , Thessaly . At least four protesters were killed and many injured in clashes between protesting farmers and military personnel.

background

The rural areas in Thessaly were regulated by the Çiftlik system until 1881, as in other parts of the Ottoman Empire : the large landowners had semi-feudal status and received part of the agricultural income, but they were obliged to provide their farmers with housing, some of them received a certain share of the income themselves. After Thessaly was annexed to Greece, the former Turkish landowners were replaced by Greek ones, but nothing was changed in the layout of the extensive lands. A quasi Byzantine legal system made the peasants worse than before in the period from 1881 to 1917. Rural protests became more frequent, especially after the murder of the activist Marinos Andypas on March 8, 1907. The promises of Eleftherios Venizelos during his election campaign in 1910 regarding land reform made the peasants even more politicized. In March 1910 they organized a mass protest in Larissa , and many farmers from the region traveled to the city.

Events

The real incident began when a few hundred farmers in Kileler tried to take the train to Larisa without a ticket. When their request was rejected, they initially gave in, but then a confrontation arose between them and the director of the Thessalian Railways , who was on the train with military personnel on the way to Larissa. He had the soldiers first shot in the air, whereupon the farmers attacked the train with stones and tried to board. The soldiers then directly attacked the farmers, two dead and numerous injured. Something similar happened when the train passed the train station in Tsoular (today's Melia), where two more of the protesters were shot dead and 15 people injured. As the news of the killings spread in Larissa, the clashes between farmers and the military intensified.

consequences

Many of the farmers were tried, but none were convicted. The Greek government's need to recruit peasants for the wars, and the settlement of refugees from Asia Minor in Greece from 1923 onwards, led to the implementation of a land reform law of 1917 that parceled out large estates and transferred them to farmers.

Web links

Article about the incident at sansimera (Greek)

Individual evidence

↑ Reinder Reinders et al. a .: The Church in Ayios Nikolaos . In: M. Prent u. a. (Ed.): Pharos: Journal of the Netherlands Institute at Athens . tape VXI . Koninklijke Van Gorkum BV, Assen 2008, ISBN 978-0-01-380224-2 , p. 88 ( google.com [accessed May 17, 2014]).
^ Gabriella Lazaridis: Women's work and lives in rural Greece: appearances and realities . Ashgate Publishing, Ltd., Farnham et al. a. 2009, p. 13 ( google.com [accessed March 5, 2012]).
↑ Fanny Maria Papoulia: Greece's Path to Modernity? In: Ulf Brunnbauer , Andreas Helmedach, Stefan Troebst (eds.): Interfaces . Festschrift for Holm Sundhausen. R. Oldenbourg Verlag, Munich 2007, ISBN 978-0-7546-1212-4 , pp. 83 ( google.de [accessed on May 17, 2014]).

[1] Reinder Reinders et al. a .: The Church in Ayios Nikolaos . In: M. Prent u. a. (Ed.): Pharos: Journal of the Netherlands Institute at Athens . tape VXI . Koninklijke Van Gorkum BV, Assen 2008, ISBN 978-0-01-380224-2 , p. 88 ( google.com [accessed May 17, 2014]).

[2] Gabriella Lazaridis: Women's work and lives in rural Greece: appearances and realities . Ashgate Publishing, Ltd., Farnham et al. a. 2009, p. 13 ( google.com [accessed March 5, 2012]).

[3] Fanny Maria Papoulia: Greece's Path to Modernity? In: Ulf Brunnbauer , Andreas Helmedach, Stefan Troebst (eds.): Interfaces . Festschrift for Holm Sundhausen. R. Oldenbourg Verlag, Munich 2007, ISBN 978-0-7546-1212-4 , pp. 83 ( google.de [accessed on May 17, 2014]).