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The title of this article is ambiguous. Ausan is also the Piedmontese name of the Italian municipality of Ozzano Monferrato in the province of Alessandria.

The war of Saba under Karib'il Watar I (around 685 BC) against Ausan (areas with confiscated goods from the Ausan king are colored orange)

Ausan as a part of Qataban in the 1st century AD.

Ausan ( Old South Arabic ʾws ₁ n Aus ₁ ān ) was an ancient kingdom in Yemen that was founded in the 8th century BC. . AD and again existed around the birth of Christ.

Ausan is the least known kingdom in southern Arabia. It was located in southern Yemen, northeast of Aden . The location of his capital Miswar is still not certain. Around 700 BC BC conquered the previously not mentioned Ausan Qataban and the west of Hadramaut and thus ruled the coastal areas of Yemen. This presumably made maritime trade possible, at that time the port city of Tafid apparently took the position that Aden later held.

During the reign of the Sabaean ruler Karib'il Watar I (probably around 685 BC) there was a conflict with the aspiring Saba, which was supported by Qataban, Hadramaut and the city-states of Haram and Kaminahu . After several campaigns by the Sabeans , Ausan was defeated and conquered. Ausan and his vassal countries Kahad, Dahas and Tubanaw were added to the ally Qataban. After Qataban in the 4th century BC. After having gained independence from Saba in the 2nd century BC, Ausan, Kahad, Dahas and Tubanaw appear in the Qataban royal statute as outer areas of Qataban. Only in the 1st (?) Century BC The empire Ausan was able to reconstitute itself together with other Qataban areas before it was conquered by the Himyars .

List of the kings of Ausan

That list follows Kenneth A. Kitchen .

• 'Amkarib, 8th century, father of Ḏkrʾl Lḥyn
• Ḏkrʾl Lḥyn, around 700, was entitled " Mukarrib ", father of a Muratta '
• Muratta ' (or Martaw ), 7th century BC. BC, defeated by Karib'il Watar I ,
• Ma'ad'il , around the birth of Christ
• Yasuduq'il Far'a , 1st century AD
• Ma'ad'il Salhan , 1st century AD
• Yasuduq'il Far'a Sharah'at , 1st century AD
• 'Ammyitha' Ghailan Gashmu

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Kitchen 1994 (see bibliography)

literature

For more general literature see the bibliography of the article Old South Arabia .

• Kenneth A. Kitchen : The World of Ancient Arabia Series. Documentation for Ancient Arabia. Part I. Chronological Framework & Historical Sources. Liverpool, 1994
• Walter W. Müller : Sketch of the history of old South Arabia . In: Werner Daum (Ed.): Yemen . Pinguin-Verlag, Innsbruck 1987, ISBN 3-7016-2251-6 , pp. 50-56