Axel Wilhelmowitsch Gadolin

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Axel Wilhelmowitsch Gadolin.

Axel Wilhelmowitsch Gadolin ( Russian Аксель Вильгельмович Гадолин * 24. June 1828 in Somero , Finland ; † December 15 . Jul / 27. December  1892 greg. In Saint Petersburg ) was a Russian chemist and mineralogist.

The nephew of the chemist Johan Gadolin visited the Finnish Cadet Corps. After graduating in 1847, he became captain of the Russian Guards Artillery, in 1849 repetent in physics at the artillery school and in 1856 director of the technical artillery school in St. Petersburg. In 1866/67 he became professor of technology at the Michael Artillery Academy in Saint Petersburg and later also inspector of the arsenals.

In 1868 he received the Lomonosov Prize. In 1871 he was knighted and in 1876 promoted to lieutenant general. In 1878 he retired. He was a member of the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences . He worked in the fields of geognosy, physical chemistry, materials science and meteorology. He derived the 32 crystal classes as subgroups of the crystal systems from theoretical considerations.

Publications

  • Mémoire sur la déduction d'un seul principe de tous les systémes cristallographiques avec leurs subdivisions ; In Acta Societatis Scientiarum Fennicae , 9, 1-71 (treatise on the derivation of all crystallographic systems, with their subsections from a single principle)
  • Observations on some minerals from Pitkäranta , negotiations of the Russian-Imperial Mineralogical Society in St. Petersburg in the Google book search 1856, pages 173–196
  • Geognostic description of the island of Pusu (Pusun-saari) in Lake Ladoga. Negotiations of the Russian-Imperial Mineralogical Society in St. Petersburg. (Year. 1857-1858) St.-Petersburg 1858, pages 68-84.
  • Geognostic sketch of the surroundings of Kronoborg and Tervus on Lake Ladoga. Negotiations of the Russian-Imperial Mineralogical Society in St. Petersburg. (Year. 1857-1858) St.-Petersburg 1858, pages 85-96
  • A simple method for determining the specific gravity of minerals. In: Annals of Physics and Chemistry. 182, 1859, p. 213, doi : 10.1002 / andp.18591820204 .
  • Treatise on the derivation of all crystallographic systems with their subsections from a single principle (1867). German edited by Paul Heinrich von Groth. Ostwald's classic no.75, Leipzig 1896, archive

Individual evidence

  1. ^ German-speaking physicists in old St. Petersburg
  2. ↑ Nordisk familjebok, p. 766
personal data
SURNAME Gadolin, Axel Wilhelmowitsch
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Гадолин, Аксель Вильгельмович (Russian)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Russian chemist and mineralogist
DATE OF BIRTH June 24, 1828
PLACE OF BIRTH Somero
DATE OF DEATH December 27, 1892
Place of death St. Petersburg