Grassroots Journalism
Grassroots journalism (from grassroot , also participatory journalism or citizen journalism ) is a form of journalism in which civil society participates in social discourse within the traditional media or through its own media. The opportunities for publication on the Internet , especially weblogs , podcasts and video platforms, have contributed to the spread of grassroots journalism .
definition
A definition of participatory journalism by Shayne Bowman and Chris Willis translates as:
- “Participatory journalism is the activity of a citizen or a group of citizens who take an active role in the process of researching, reporting, analyzing and disseminating news and information. The aim of this participation is to provide independent, reliable, precise, detailed and relevant information that a democracy needs. "
- The act of a citizen, or group of citizens, playing an active role in the process of collecting, reporting, analyzing and disseminating news and information. The intent of this participation is to provide independent, reliable, accurate, wide-ranging and relevant information that a democracy requires.
history
The term grassroots journalism is based on the grassroots movement and comes from the field of Anglo-American journalism . The concept of counter-publicity had been widespread in German-speaking countries since the 1970s . The participative element is emphasized by the Norwegian peace researcher Johan Galtung , who has developed a concept for peacebuilding journalism.
Forerunners are the alternative local newspapers of the 1970s and 1980s, as well as the free radios of the 1980s. A special form is the legally anchored citizen broadcasting . Wall newspapers can organize interactive projects even without the Internet.
As a precursor of the user-generated content can also open channels , published letters to the editor and speaker / audience calls ongoing programs are considered part. You are only partially indebted to grassroots journalism.
Examples
- Contraste , monthly newspaper for self-organization
- Democracy Now , American grassroots journalism
- Deutschlandradio's “blogspiel” combines blogosphere and radio.
- Grassroots Revolution , monthly newspaper for a non-violent, domineering society
- Grassroots TV
- Indymedia , Independent Media Center (IMC)
- OhmyNews , South Korean international project
- Okto TV
- The red reporter
- Wikinews , news portal ( Wikimedia project)
- NowPublic, US citizen journalism offering
See also
literature
- Citizen media, new media, media alternatives . Munich 2009, ISBN 978-3-9805604-5-0 , free download (PDF)
- Citizen Media. The laypeople are coming . Special issue Der Journalist , 8/2005 ( the main article online at onlinejournalismus.de )
- Who does the media? Online journalism between citizen participation and professionalization, Munich 2008, free download (PDF)
- Dan Gillmor: We the Media. Grassroots Journalism by the People, for the People, 2004 Open Book
- Gabriele Hooffacker : Citizen reporter : between participation and professional editing. Formats of citizen journalism in local television, in: Journalistik 3 (2018), pp. 22–35, available online , accessed June 20, 2019
- Bernd Hüttner: Directory of Alternative Media 2006/2007, Neu-Ulm 2006
- Jonas Kahl: Electronic press and citizen journalism - rights under press law and obligations of word media on the Internet, Baden-Baden 2013, ISBN 978-3-8487-0826-0
- Christoph Neuberger / Christian Nuernbergk / Melanie Rischke: Journalism on the Internet: Between Profession, Participation and Technology. Results of a DFG research project. In: Media Perspectives Issue 4/2009 (PDF; 160 kB)
- Christoph Neuberger, Christian Nuernbergk, Melanie Rischke (eds.): Journalism on the Internet. Profession - Participation - Mechanization, Wiesbaden 2009. ISBN 978-3-531-15767-2
- Jan-Felix Schrape : Social media, mass media and social construction of reality, in: Berliner Journal für Soziologie 21 (3) 2011, pp. 407–429. Full text online (PDF file; 490 kB)
Web links
- Changing professional role - In conversation with Christoph Neuberger, Professor of Communication Studies at the University of Münster (People - Makers - Media, Verdi.de, September 2006)
- Online journalism between citizen participation and professionalization (free download, PDF)
- Extensive term paper at the Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster (status 2002)
- Online-Journalismus.de : Really only 10 years old?
Individual evidence
- ↑ Interactive Trends 2006/2007. Yearbook German Multimedia Award - By J&S Dialog Medien GmbH, p. 2
- ↑ Internet Experiences and "Experiences": The tsunamis have washed up "blogs": A growing crowd of enthusiasts is writing and reading eyewitness reports on open websites. A kind of diary of the world emerges. FAZ from January 6, 2005.
- ↑ https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007%2F978-3-531-91105-2_13
- ↑ Shayne Bowman, Chris Willis: We Media - How audiences are shaping the future of news and information . July 2003, p. 9
- ↑ http://www.dradio.de/dkultur/sendung/blogspiel/beitrag/
- ↑ http://www.graswurzel.net/
- ↑ taz of August 25, 2008: Internal investigations: beating policeman caught red-handed
- ↑ a b Felix Lee: Parliament No. 34 / August 20, 2007: Protest global: Grassroots journalism
- ↑ In: Citizens Media, Media Alternatives
- ↑ Thilo Pfennig: readers-edition.de of July 14, 2006: The Wikinews dilemma ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.