Goldener Stern community center
The community center Goldener Stern is located in the street at Markt 11 in Borna in Saxony in the district of Leipzig . It emerged from the earlier Gasthof Zum Güldenen Stern , which was first mentioned by name in 1620. The listed building is located on the northeast side of the market square and, together with the "Horn'schen Haus" at Roßmarktschen Strasse 1, is one of the oldest secular buildings in the city.
history
The Gasthof Zum Güldenen Stern is one of the oldest taverns in the city. The chronicler Robert Wolfram (1816–1896) assumed that the margravial city palace had stood at this point. Between 1987 and 1992 attempts were made to support this thesis through archaeological excavations. The examinations of the home nurse Helmut Hentschel showed the following:
“In the corner of Markt / Kirchstrasse there was a square defense tower with a floor area of 50 m². It was the centerpiece of the complex through a trench, the course of which roughly corresponds to the passage and entrance. To the right of the passage was a building that may have been quite imposing at 12 m long and 10 m wide. In addition to living quarters, Borna's first church, which was owned by the Katharinenpatrozinium, was probably also here. This building can be called a palace with a clear conscience [...] to the left of the entrance was the farmyard with kitchen, it was surrounded by a defensive wall. "
Later excavations seem to confirm this assumption. The castle buildings were destroyed in the course of the Hussite incursions (1429 to 1432) and finally in the Saxon Fratricidal War. As early as 1490, a “gasthof allhier am marckte” was mentioned for the first time in a deed of purchase. It is possible that the ruins of the former castle were used to build the inn. There are unusually strong fortified walls in the basement. It is believed that the building was built around 1470, as it was at that time that a beer privilege was granted there. It was first mentioned by name as "Gasthof zum Güldenen Stern" in 1620, after which the inn is repeatedly found in the city files as the "Goldener Stern" because there were repeated disputes.
Maria von Kitzscher and the sale
On October 10, 1671, Michael Scheidemann, the landlord of the Gasthof zum "Güldenen Stern", died. He had become mayor after the city fire of 1668. It was reported about him and his wife Maria:
“[He]“ as a well-deserved councilor, city judge and finally mayor ”did not only render himself well-merited for the city, but also loyally presided over it and rendered various, loyal services to it in its serious financial needs and after the great fire. His widow [...] Maria von Kitzscher, as she was called since her marriage to Christoph von Kitzscher, promised in front of witnesses ("in the Beyseyn of your Juncker and other close relatives") that the inn for 3000 talers would be available to Borna councilor Martin Reichard Pflugritter "for sale, hereditary and peculiar "to be left."
Pflugritter had found out that Frau von Kitzscher had meanwhile sold her inn to Nicolaus Ehrhardt. The purchase contract had been confirmed by the Higher Court of Leipzig , although according to the statutes this would have been allowed by the Borna City Council. The council then lodged a complaint with the elector. There was a hearing in front of the electoral chancellery, in which the seller stated that "she only took action against the Court of Justice because the matter would have been ruled out more quickly there [...] Nobody suffered any disadvantage [...]". Pflugritter had to come to terms with the fact that the written sales contract was confirmed, even if this had also happened "against morality". In addition, Nicolaus Ehrhardt only had to pay 2000 thalers, although Pflugritter had offered 3000.
However, Pflugritter brought the “Güldenen Stern” inn into his possession before 1683, while Nicolaus Ehrhardt again became tenant and wine tavern in the Ratskeller. The property included several hectares of fields and meadows as well as a large cellar barn outside the city gates.
Additions and extensions
In 1680 Basilius Naumann opened the Löwen pharmacy in the inn, which was later continued by his son Johann Gottfried Naumann. In the course of history, the “Golden Star” accommodated many guests, including soldiers and emigrants, during the armed conflicts of that time. In the middle of the 19th century, many inns expanded as dance events became more and more popular with the population, so on December 5, 1844, the new dance hall was inaugurated. On the ground floor below were the stables with two Bohemian cap vaults . Furthermore, the outbuilding (Markt 10) was acquired in order to set up a “beer parlor” there.
In 1909 August Gottlieb Pudwell leased the "Golden Star" and had a stage built on the hall and a room by building over parts of the courtyard. The dance hall was renovated and provided with Art Nouveau elements. From February 1915 there were cinema events, but they had to be stopped a short time later because the ballroom was "set up as a mass quarters for the military until further notice".
After the lost war , some premises were leased because they were no longer profitable. In 1922/1924, the buildings in Kirchstrasse were therefore given shop fittings such as the “Goldener Stern” butter shop and the Werner Fritzsch & Co. tool shop. In 1932, security measures were necessary on the building that affected both the market facade and the gable in Kirchstrasse. Despite this work, the number of overnight stays fell due to inflation and the Second World War . In May 1948 the “Golden Star” still had nine beds. In 1952 the innkeeper Kurt Eidam lost his business license because of alleged tax evasion and “serious political statements”. The inn was then closed in 1953. In the 1960s, a children's department store was built in the former ballroom and a vehicle shop took over the stable building.
In 1983 the “Golden Star” was largely empty and consideration was given to demolishing it. The first demolition inspection took place in the summer of 1984, in which employees of the institute and the Society for Monument Preservation, Building Management and the Department of Culture of the City Council took part. However, the monument conservator Roland Meyer stated in an expert opinion:
"With regard to its typical Renaissance features, which are still relatively well preserved on the facade and inside, this building is one of the oldest preserved secular buildings on Borna and thus represents an extremely valuable architectural monument."
Therefore it was decided to preserve and renovate the building. The reconstruction began in 1986, and the first archaeological investigations took place in 1987.
Conversion to a community center
Due to the political change in 1989, the renovation of the "Goldener Stern" was given higher priority and on October 3, 1993 the community center "Goldener Stern" was opened. Now a Greek restaurant has moved into the former taprooms again. The former hotel area now houses the registry office of the city of Borna with offices and the wedding room. The ballroom became a meeting room for the city council. But the “Council Chamber” is also used as an event room today. In the stables you will find the “Goldener Stern” gallery of the Borna Museum with works by artists from the region.
For the reopening, the city of Borna issued a commemorative coin with the inscription Goldener Stern 1490-1993 . The founding date 1490 can only be deduced from the archaeological investigations. The name golden star has only existed since the end of the 17th century.
Golden Star owner
In the files of the Borna town archive it is mentioned that Maria von Kitzscher sold her inn “Zum Güldenen Stern” to Nicolaus Ehrhardt. The history of the Golden Star can be traced back over 460 years on the basis of invoices, tax lists and purchase contracts that were recorded in the city register. In addition, church registers provide information about births, marriages and deaths that are related to the property of the inn. The earliest mention is dated to 1490.
| year | Owner | Note on acquisition |
|---|---|---|
| until 1533 | Hans Örtel | - |
| 1533-1604 | Hilbrant family (or Hildebrand) | House swap: Wolff Hilbrant swaps it for his house on Reichen Gasse. |
| 1604-1623 | probably George Strass | By marrying Wolff Hildebrand's widow (Abraham Hillebrand's son) until the inn went to their daughter Ursula. |
| 1623-1650 | The Mattheus Sparwart family | By marrying Ursula Straß |
| 1950-1671 | Michael Scheydemann (or Scheidemann) | By marrying the widow Maria Sparwart (née Hancke) |
| 1671-1673 / 1674 | Maria von Kitzscher | Marriage of the widow Maria Scheydemann (née Hancke, widowed Sparwart) with Christoph von Kitzscher |
| 1673 / 1674-1683 | Nicolaus Ehrhardt | Purchase from Maria von Kitzscher (Ehrhardt was previously the tenant of the Ratskeller) |
| 1683-1696 | Martin Reichardt | unknown (plow knight from an old Borna family) |
| 1696-1711 | Johann Andreas Lucius | unknown (son of the pastor of Breunsdorf) |
| 1711-1741 / 1741-1803 | Gottlob Klemm and Gottlob Klemm (II.) | unknown (from the Dippoldiswalde office) |
| 1803-1806 | Jacob Johann Rudolph | - |
| 1806-1843 | Christian Heinrich Rathsleben | By marrying Johanne Christiane Rudolph, the daughter of the predecessor |
| 1843-1854 | Christian Gotthelf Adolph Fischer | By marrying Rathsleben's foster daughter Johanne Auguste Louise (née Schippan) |
| 1854-1896 | Fischer's widow / tenant: Fügner | (marries the military doctor Alwin Schindele and continues the star under this name) |
| 1909-1922 | Fischer siblings / tenant: August Gottlieb Pudwell | - |
| 1922-1948 | Karl Weide | from 1929 under the owner Franz Krauße |
| 1948-1950 | Otto Krebs | - |
| 1950-1951 | Gerhard Schwarz (lessee) | - |
| 1951-1952 | Kurt Eidamm (lessee) | - |
Scientific investigations
From 1987 to 1991 archaeological excavations were carried out around the "Golden Star". There were a number of finds that made it possible to largely reconstruct the development of this settlement cell. A culture layer up to 1.3 m thick was detected in the courtyard area. Square posts, remains of wood and houses as well as water pipes from the 15th century and courtyard paving were discovered. There is evidence that today's fireplace room already had a hearth, which can be dated back to the early days of settlement. The foundations of the neighboring room ran parallel to the Markt 10 property, and charred remains of piles and posts were found here. The oldest ceramics were found in the basement.
The investigation results and finds from the beverage bazaar (restaurant) and the two fire horizons, which are up to 40 cm thick, allow a chronological classification. The upper section is dated to the year 1450 due to two hollow pennies found , while the lower section must have been created around 1300. The shape and design of the oldest floor in the area of today's registry office indicate a high level of craftsmanship when it comes to furnishing.
A wall, in some cases a meter thick, which had no static function in the building, poses a riddle, as it contains traces of a devastating fire disaster.
Importance of the location
The almost 1000 m² area is located in the center of the medieval town of Borna, from which the special importance of the building can be seen. The aim of the research was possibly to identify a fortified facility at this point, which is referred to in Wolfram's chronicle as a margrave's castle, but a different location was specified for its location. Borna was created around 1200 under the protection of this complex.
In the Markt / Kirchstrasse area, a square defense tower with an area of 50 m² was found. The associated trench system identifies this as the core of the system. In a building (12 × 10 m) to the right of the passage to Kirchstrasse, there was probably Borna's first church with the Katharinen patronage next to living rooms . To the left of the passage was the kitchen yard, which was surrounded by a defensive wall.
The new facility was built 500 m from the Reichsburg (Jahnschloss) and quickly took over all military and strategic functions. The older buildings became a knight's seat . Borna Fortress had to prove itself around 1290, when Adolf von Nassau and his successor Albrecht I tried to recapture the empire around Altenburg, Chemnitz and Zwickau.
For twenty years the town and fortress Borna were fought over between the Wettins and the empire, the decision brought about the battle of Lucka in 1307 . Here, the realm finally fell to the Wettins. The castle was badly damaged during the later Hussite invasions around 1430 and destroyed in the civil war in 1450 . Soon after, the “Herberge am Markt” was built in its place. Since the renaissance building was erected before 1500, this was probably the later “Golden Star”. In 1470 the beer privilege was reassigned, which suggests that the building was constructed at that time.
The renovation of the “Golden Star” made it possible to preserve one of the oldest secular buildings in Saxony in Borna.
literature
- The Goldener Stern community center in Borna. In: Lutz-Egmont Werner, A. Engelmann, Helmut Henschel (eds.): Ortschronik Borna. Edited by the Borna City Archives. Friends of the Borna Museum, the Bornaer Land publishing house, Borna.
Web links
- Historical significance of the community center Goldener Stern on geschichte-borna.de
- City tours to sights such as the Golden Star on borna.de
- Wedding fair in the Goldener Stern on lvz-online.de
- Gallery Goldener Stern des Museum Borna on museum-borna.de
Individual evidence
- ↑ Monuments on borna.de
- ↑ a b history (part 1) (PDF; 11.5 MB) on druckhaus-borna.de
- ^ Lutz-Egmont Werner, A. Engelmann, Helmut Henschel (eds.): In: Stadtarchiv Borna: Ortschronik Borna.
- ↑ History (Part 2) (PDF; 8.2 MB) on druckhaus-borna.de
- ↑ a b history (part 3) (PDF; 9.0 MB) on druckhaus-borna.de
- ↑ Gallery ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. on borna-live.de
- ↑ Inventory: Brewing vessels and kitchen utensils, 6 beds, 7 beds (auxiliary beds). In his will, he stipulates that after his death his wife Elisabeth should manage the house and property until the children reach the age of majority.
Coordinates: 51 ° 7 ′ 25.8 ″ N , 12 ° 29 ′ 50.9 ″ E