Banjo axis

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Banjo axle is an earlier name for the driven rigid axle of motor vehicles with an integrated differential gear . The name came about because of the similarity of the axle body outline with a banjo with two necks.

history

The eponymous form can be seen in drawings that were attached to the first patent applications for a hollow, rigid axle beam to accommodate the two wheel drive shafts and the differential gear. The rigid axles first manufactured in the USA according to these patents were introduced in Europe from 1922, then mainly built by MAN and known as banjo axles .

The peculiarity that emerged at the time, that the differential gear with the part of its housing serving as a frame is inserted from the front (rear axle) into the middle (banjo) part of the axle body that is open to the front and back, and is screwed on, was mainly built into commercial vehicles today Maintain rigid rear axles. In the variant with a reduction stage connected downstream of the differential, the designation outer planetary axis has become common instead of the banjo axis .

In a later variant, the flat (banjo) middle part of the axle body was expanded to form a spherical, complete housing of the differential gear. Instead of screwing on the pre-assembled differential, its parts were individually mounted in the one-piece axle beam, which is often cast. This design, known in the English-speaking world as the Salisbury axle , was often used as a rigid axle in cars. Today it is still used in all-terrain vehicles and is usually simply referred to as a rigid axle ( with differential ).

  • Middle part of a banjo axle, differential gear inserted and screwed on

  • Banjo axle as a rigid rear axle with a typical flat middle part of the axle body

  • The assembly differential gear of a banjo axle, removed, drive from below, outputs on the right and left

Web links

Commons : Category: Banjo axles  - album with pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Olaf von Fersen : A century of automotive technology. Commercial vehicles. VDI-Verlag, Düsseldorf 1987., ISBN 3-18-400656-6 . P. 167. ( limited preview in Google Book search).
  2. ↑ U.S. Patent 916888, March 30, 1909
  3. ↑ US Patent 1384480 of July 12, 1921
  4. ↑ Hans Christoph von Seherr-Thoss : The development of gear technology. Springer Verlag, 1965., ISBN 978-3-642-92907-6 , p. 26. ( limited preview in Google book search)