Bara culture

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The Bara culture is an archaeological culture that dates back to around 2000 BC. In the eastern area of ​​the Indus culture was widespread. It developed in the Doab between Yamuna and Sutlej and was bounded in the east by the Siwaliks , the outermost foothills of the Himalayas . It is the area of ​​today's Punjab , Haryana and western Uttar Pradesh in northern India. The Bara culture may initially have developed independently of the Harappa culture, an offshoot of the Indus culture, from a pre-Harappa tradition . However, later these two cultures mixed together in places like Kotla Nihang Khan . In the conventional temporal definition, the Bara culture is mostly set in the late Harappa period.

The Bara culture takes its name from the Bara site in Punjab. Other important sites are Dher Majra and Sanghol .

Ceramics

The ceramics of the Bara culture can be clearly distinguished from that of the Harappa culture, even if there are some similarities. Specific forms of Harappa ceramics such as perforated jugs, S-shaped jugs, goblets, mugs and handle cups are missing. But there were forms that only appear in the Bara culture, e.g. B. Jugs and vessels with incised decorations, jugs with bulbous bodies, long necks and extended edges and jugs with collar rims. Harappa ceramics are mostly monochrome, while Bara ceramics are mostly colored with spirals or other decorative elements, often decorated on the inside of the vessels.

literature

  • Arundhati Banerji: Early Indian terracotta art, circa 2000-300 BC, northern and western India. Harman Pub. House, 1994. ISBN 9788185151816
  • Satya Prakash, Vijai Shankar Shrivastava: Cultural contours of India. Abhinav Publications, 1981. ISBN 9780391023581
  • Shadaksharappa Settar, Ravi Korisettar: Indian Archeology in Retrospect: Prehistory, archeology of South Asia. Indian Council of Historical Research, 2002. ISBN 9788173043192
  • Romila Thapar: Ancient Indian Social History: Some Interpretations. Orient Blackswan, 1978. ISBN 9788125008088
  • Amalananda Ghosh: Archeology and history. Agam Kala Prakashan, 1987.
  • A. Ghosh: An encyclopaedia of Indian archeology. BRILL, ISBN 9789004092648
  • Shadaksharappa Settar, Ravi Korisettar: Indian Archeology in Retrospect: Protohistory, archeology of the Harappan civilization. Indian Council of Historical Research, 2002. ISBN 9788173043208