Job profile test (BBT)
Job Profile Test ( BBT ) is a projective instrument developed by Martin Achtnich to clarify the profile of professional inclination. The picture test is based on the connection between various hereditary factors and their effect on voting actions, as illustrated by Leopold Szondi in his work analysis of fate, choice in love, friendship, profession, illness and death (1944). The job profile test was originally intended for young people in career counseling . BBT serves to clarify problems of career choice, career change and career prognosis. BBT can also be used in the field of psychotherapy (in family counseling ).
history
The impetus for the BBT was provided by Dr. Hansjörg Ringger with the idea of designing a test to clarify the professional inclination profile, taking into account the factors of the fate analysis . Achtnich took the eight factors described by Szondi as a classification principle and interpreted them as radicals in occupational psychology. Achtnich said that the demands of the job on those who will exercise it include not only abilities and skills but also the respective inclinations, interests and needs that make it possible to humanize and socialize human urges ( impulses ).
Following the guidance of Szondi, it was decided to create a test based on pictures (photos), as these have a greater memory power than words. Achtnich and Ringger looked through around 10,000 pictures of the career advice centers in Bern and Zurich . 100 images were selected and submitted for review. During the investigation it should be clarified whether these images correspond to the factor character to which they were initially assigned according to certain criteria.
It was believed that the nature of the factors will reflect three directions:
- Occupation and tools with which the occupation is carried out;
- Professional atmosphere, professional environment and partner relationship ( employee , customer )
- Working Person (Facial Expression and Attitude)
It soon became apparent that finding monofactorially unique images was difficult to accomplish. Szondi said: “Most professions can serve not just one, but also several instinctual demands at the same time.” Ulrich Moser said: “Most professions participate in several drive factors. A profession can belong to several circles of affinity. "
The following criteria were established for including an image in the test:
- Regardless of whether an image is chosen positively or negatively, two thirds of the given associations should correspond to the attributed factor.
- If a picture is chosen positively and never rejected - or vice versa - it should not be included.
- Only male professionals should be shown on the test images, because male test subjects consistently reject the images with female professionals. (This later made it necessary to develop a series of female tests.)
- You don't want an image to have too many distracting details, e.g. B. no labels and no trivialities.
- The working person shown must not be in the foreground as an eye-catcher, his job is important. The active person should be related to his work in a dynamic tension and not look like an extra.
- As a rule, the working person should be seen in his entire figure in the picture.
- Images should not reflect jobs that have lost relevance, or outdated machines or tools.
- Pictures have to be real.
- Pictures showing two people in which one is active and the other is passive are not suitable (e.g. hairdresser and customer).
It turned out to be a difficult task to reconcile images with all requirements, which could only be solved after many years. It took almost 20 years for the final test to be completed after five test variations and multiple studies and research.
methodology
The original Swiss version of the picture test set in 1971 consisted of 96 black and white photographs in the format 10 cm × 10 cm, on which men carry out various professional activities. Later, in 1973, a female version of the image test was created with 100 images.
literature
- M. Achtnich. Job profile test: male images. Bern: Verlag Hans Huber, 1971.
- M. Achtnich. Job profile test: female images. Bern: Verlag Hans Huber, 1973.
- M. Achtnich. The job profile test - projective procedure to clarify job inclination. Bern, Stuttgart, Vienna: Verlag Hans Huber, 1979, ISBN.
- M. Achtnich. BBT - Teste de Fotos de Profissões. São Paulo: Cetepp, 1991.
- M. Achtnich. Additional pictures for the job test (BBT). Bern: Verlag Hans Huber, 1992.
- A. Jacquemin. BBT-br - O Teste de Fotos de Profissões: Normas - Adaptação Brasileira - Estudos de Caso. São Paulo: Cetepp, 2000.
- E. Okino, M. Noce, R. Assoni, S. Pasian. BBT – Br Feminino: Teste de Fotos de Profissões - Adaptação Brasileira, Normas e Estudos de Caso. São Paulo: CETEPP, 2006.
- L. Szondi. Introdução à Psicologia do Destino. São Paulo: Editora Manole, 1975.
See also
Web links
- History of the creation of the professional profile test in appliedpsychology.ru from May 10, 2018 (Russian)