skill
Skill generally describes a learned or acquired part of behavior. The concept of skill is thus differentiated from the concept of ability , which is viewed as a prerequisite for the realization of a skill. May include ability and skill. Skills are, for example, playing the piano, reading, writing, arithmetic, speaking, playing football and the like.
Word origin and term
The peculiar adjective finished is derived from mhd. Vertec, vertic for 'able to walk, flexible' usual '. It is etymologically related to drive, drive , from mhd. Vart to ahd. Faran 'ready, efficient, passable, mobile, in order', and in the sense of the Latin paratus and promtus . 'Ready' stands for the synonymous ahd. Reiti , which means German riding , traveling analogous to driving ('going on a journey'), engl. but also Middle High German ready for 'finished', which makes the term's reference to movement clear. Manufacturing originally means generally ' making ready', manufacturing then 'carrying out, manufacturing, putting in the state of usability'. The importance of the "quality of being finished," with the property indicating syllable -keit , but 'has been lost to the High German word, craft early again.
According to Grimm, skill can be expressed with the Latin habilitas 'ability, skill' (cf. Habilitation , Homo habilis ) or the Latin facultas 'ability, ability, power of attorney' . The ambiguous role of skills in the sense of empowerment can be found in the legal language explicitly in contrast and complement to authorization - for example: handlebar qualification (certificate of the driving test with the necessary skills) and driving license ( driver's license ), or teaching certificate (Facultas Docendi) and instructor (Venia Legendi) - and represents the difference between ability and may .
Despite its proximity to able the German word remains the connotation of Prozessuralen, doers, and perfected, state detainee (to Latin perfectus , finished ' obtained while) ability to latent potential aspect (to Latin potentas to do asset, something proxy ' ) and is therefore close to talent (to gift ' gift ') and Latin talent ' ability ' - the two terms ability / ability and skill thus reflect the pair of terms act and potency .
This is how the hand dictionary defines sports science
“Skills are generally understood to be a partialized, automated and stereotypical part of behavior . The concept of skill is thus differentiated on the one hand from the concept of ability, which is viewed as a prerequisite for the realization of a skill. On the other hand, there is also a conceptual demarcation from the action , with skills being viewed as relatively self-contained building blocks. ... "
Acquisition of skills
The acquisition of a skill does not only depend on talents, but on
- Exercise ,
- already learned and acquired skills ( knowledge , experience , maturity , professional competence ) and
- other internal requirements such as motivation and will .
The acquisition of a new skill requires certain skills and / or skills.
If someone has a special or above-average ability to learn a skill, one speaks of talent or ability (e.g. high motor dexterity when learning table tennis).
The use of skills, on the other hand, plays a central role in the socialization of the individual. Skills help to find and develop a place in society through work . The lack of certain skills can lead to tremendous socialization problems. Play skills e.g. B. in role assignments and the status of an individual a crucial function.
Basic skill
Basic skills are expected of everyone in a culture. These are generally speaking and understanding the mother tongue , reading , writing , mastering basic arithmetic , knowing the currency , traffic rules and other things. They are generally imparted through socialization in the family, in kindergarten and school and are the essential prerequisites for human education .
If a person does not master the basic skills, he will have considerable difficulty in participating in normal life or coping with everyday tasks. This can lead to social exclusion .
Language proficiency
The mastery of a language consists of different areas, such as reading, writing, listening and speaking. These areas are called skills. Grammar and vocabulary can be learned separately; they are often counted as skills, even if they are already included in the other skills. Pronunciation and spelling can be viewed as separate skills within speaking and writing. Socio-cultural and functional skills refer to the ability to use the language correctly in a socio-cultural setting.
See also
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Matthias Lexer: Middle High German Pocket Dictionary. With the addenda by Ulrich Pretzel. 38th edition. S. Hirzel Wissenschaftliche Verlagsgesellschaft, Stuttgart 1992.
- ↑ DONE, ready, ready to go, ready to go, ready to go, ready . In: Jacob Grimm , Wilhelm Grimm : German Dictionary . Hirzel, Leipzig 1854–1961 ( woerterbuchnetz.de , University of Trier).
- ↑ FINISH, parare, graduate, transmittere . In: Grimm: German dictionary. Hirzel, Leipzig 1854–1961 ( woerterbuchnetz.de , University of Trier).
- ↑ PRODUCTION, f. expeditio, confectio . In: Grimm: German dictionary. Hirzel, Leipzig 1854–1961 ( woerterbuchnetz.de , University of Trier).
- ↑ SKILL, f. 1) promptitudo, festinatio . In: Grimm: German dictionary. Hirzel, Leipzig 1854–1961 ( woerterbuchnetz.de , University of Trier).
- ↑ SKILL, f. 2) habilitas, facultas . In: Grimm: German dictionary. Hirzel, Leipzig 1854–1961 ( woerterbuchnetz.de , University of Trier).
- ↑ Handlexikon Sportwissenschaft . 1972, p. 106 . Quoted from U. Rockmann: Skills & Skills. Teaching and Research Area Sport and Exercise at the Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, January 21, 2001, accessed on March 22, 2009 .
- ↑ Hans-Jürgen Krumm: The language skills: isolated - combined - integrated. In: Foreign language German. Issue 24, 2001, ISBN 978-3-19-249183-2 , pp. 5–12.
- ↑ christianlehmann.eu