Teaching qualification

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Teaching qualification or Facultas Docendi (from Latin facultas docendi ; according to old orthography : Facultas docendi , literally "ability to teach") is a term from university law and school law .

Procedure at universities

With the successful habilitation , the scientist is usually awarded the teaching qualification (Facultas Docendi), which is to be distinguished from the teaching qualification (Venia Legendi).

Acquisition in Germany

As a rule, upon completion of the habilitation process, the applicant is certified as being able to teach (Facultas Docendi) for a specific subject or a combination of subjects. Subsequent expansion or restriction by the faculties is possible - also on request. The subjects are, for example, also important for the chances in later application or appointment procedures for professorships.

The Venia Legendi is also the authorization or authorization to teach independently in a subject or subjects. In the majority of the federal states, the teaching qualification and the license to teach are issued together. Where a distinction is made, the university (Senate or Faculty Council) is responsible for granting the license to teach and decides this separately.

Holders of the teaching qualification, who have also received the teaching authorization, may call themselves private lecturers and are usually obliged to teach (free "title teaching" of 2 hours per week ). There is no permanent position associated with this, the social situation of the pure private lecturers is generally regarded as precarious.

The qualification to teach expires if the academic degree that was the prerequisite for admission to the habilitation process is no longer allowed to be used.

Special procedure in the GDR

In the GDR , since the introduction of the doctoral regulations on January 21, 1969, the doctorate B was obtained instead of the previous habilitation. With this PhD B there was no acquisition of a teaching qualification as with the habilitation. This had to be acquired in a separate process to obtain the Facultas Docendi, which also led to a separate document "Facultas docendi" and was generally processed beforehand. This included attending university educational events up to postgraduate studies (training in didactics, rhetoric, etc.). The Facultas Docendi was granted as a teaching qualification for a special subject area, whereby the prerequisites were, in particular, a specialist lecture and a specialist lecture.

In contrast, the license to teach was deemed to have been granted with the appointment as a university lecturer ( university lecturer or professor ) and did not have to be specifically applied for. It was also not specially certified, the name Venia Legendi and the official status of private lecturer were unusual.

Acquisition in Switzerland

The same system basically applies in Switzerland, but is regulated by the cantons. The term "Facultas docendi" for the habilitation subject is rather unusual.

schools

At school, after completing the required training, teachers receive a teaching qualification for the teaching profession they have studied. In Germany you must have studied at least two subjects.

The faculty (facultas docendi) is an older term for the qualification of high school teachers . These faculties mean that you are authorized to teach a certain subject at the grammar school after passing the scientific examination (today's 1st state examination). Wilhelm von Humboldt introduced the compulsory examen pro facultate docendi for prospective high school teachers in Prussia in 1810 in order to ensure the quality of education. This authorization can be limited to the lower classes (small faculties for third subjects). Membership in an Abitur examination committee generally requires a high school (for secondary level II; or for vocational school) teaching qualification. (Example: APOV Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania 2019, § 27).

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Rudolf Stumberger: The scientific elite - outside the door on June 26, 2006 on heise.de
  2. Hartmer / Detmer, Hochschulrecht CF Müller GmbH, 2016 p. 272
  3. Venia Legendi & Venia Docendi: Teaching qualification and authorization after the habilitation on academics.ch
  4. ^ Wolfgang Lambrecht: Science policy between ideology and pragmatism. Waxmann-Verlag Münster 2007, S 222, 240f
  5. ^ Venia legendi of the ETH Zurich
  6. Example Lower Saxony VORIS § 6 NLVO education | State standard Lower Saxony | - Acquisition of the teaching qualification for teaching at elementary schools, at secondary schools and secondary schools, for special needs education, at grammar schools and at vocational schools through studies and preparatory service | Lower Saxony regulation on careers in career group 2 in the field of education (NLVO education) of 19 May 2010 | valid from: March 22nd, 2017. Retrieved July 20, 2020 .
  7. ^ Heinz-Elmar Tenorth : Wilhelm von Humboldt: Education policy and university reform . Verlag Ferdinand Schöningh, 2018, ISBN 978-3-657-78880-4 ( google.de [accessed on July 21, 2020]).
  8. ^ The Examen pro facultate docendi - German Digital Library. Retrieved July 21, 2020 .
  9. Limited teaching qualifications, so-called small faculties. Retrieved July 20, 2020 .