Procurement logistics
In business administration, the term procurement logistics as part of procurement and logistics refers to the process of purchasing goods through to transporting the material to the incoming warehouse or to production . It thus connects the sales logistics of the suppliers and the production logistics of a company .
tasks
Your task is to guarantee the quantity, time and quality of the material supply in incoming goods . With the help of procurement logistics, the chain between taking over the materials from the manufacturer and handing them over to the customer should be optimized.
In information technology , procurement logistics take place through greater use of leasing . In this way, maintenance costs associated with the purchase of IT products are largely avoided, the leasing company must ensure maintenance and, in the event of technical progress (equipment overhaul), arrange and implement their replacement. The lessee only bears the consumables . The streamlining of database systems for stronger networking ( information logistics ), as well as the upgrading of already installed software , should also be located in this sector .
Objects
All goods that have to be made available to the company according to its needs are considered as objects of procurement logistics.
Procurement logistics play a special role in the optimal supply of customers. Procurement is at the beginning of the logistical chain and thus also at the beginning of controlling the material flows. With the help of inexpensive procurement, the basic prerequisite for a successful provision of services and maintaining competitiveness is made possible. By means of appropriate storage technology , an increase in inventory turnover and the associated reduction in inventory levels and capital commitment , inventory management contributes to improving liquidity .
Design
Procurement strategy
When developing a procurement strategy, the procurement items (e.g. strategic vs. non-critical items) are classified first. This is followed by an analysis of the procurement market (→ procurement market research ; is there a supply or a buyer power?). Then your own company is strategically positioned (should your own company act actively or passively based on the market situation?). Finally, action plans are drawn up (how should the company deal with quantities, prices, stocks, etc.?).
Procurement structure
When developing the procurement structure, it is determined to what extent the company should use global cost differences or should limit itself to local markets. The optimal number of different suppliers for the same parts is determined. The depth of added value is determined in view of the variety of variants and entrepreneurial complexity. Corresponding variants are selected for the current consumption quantities.
Calculation and formulas for optimal ordering
There are various mathematical methods to determine or determine the optimal order quantity . One of the best known, albeit not one of the most modern, is the Andler formula . It is used less and less in practice today, as it only takes into account the complex dynamic requirements of inventory management to a limited extent. However, it is still taught as a basis in theory.
Situation today
Due to the extended workbench and the just-in-time or just-in-sequence delivery , large parts of the procurement of goods are broken down. In doing so, one accepts a high level of momentum in freight transport and is more dependent on competition and industrial action in the freight transport sector.
literature
- H. Krampe, H.-J. Lucke, M. Schenk: Basics of logistics. Theory and practice of logistic systems. HUSS-Verlag 2012, ISBN 978-3-941418-80-6 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Definition of procurement logistics . Retrieved February 16, 2015.