Concrete spraying machine

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Wet spraying machine with hydraulically operated spray arm (so-called manipulator) in use

A concrete spraying machine is a mobile or stationary construction machine with the help of which concrete or mortar can be conveyed and sprayed. Basically, a distinction can be made between dry spray machines and wet spray machines. Dry spray machines convey a dry mixture consisting of cement , aggregate and additives to the spray nozzle with the help of compressed air . In the case of wet spray machines, on the other hand, a with added watermixed ready-mix transported to the spray nozzle with compressed air or by means of a concrete pump. Larger spray machines are equipped with a hydraulically operated spray arm (so-called manipulator). These machines are also known as spray manipulators .

The Swabian mechanical engineering company Putzmeister began manufacturing such a spraying machine in 1983. The machine mainly used in tunnel at the time was the largest of its kind and got by the manufacturer due to its appearance the name spray buffalo . This name developed into a fixed term in construction and is now used across manufacturers for machines of the same type.

Smaller concrete spraying machines are listed in the BGL / EUROLISTE under code number B.9.1 - Concrete spraying devices . Larger concrete spraying machines with crawler or wheeled chassis and hydraulically operated spraying arms are mainly used in tunnel construction and are therefore classified under the code number H.1.7 - Sprayed concrete manipulators for tunnel and gallery construction . In both cases, the parameter is the flow rate in m³ per hour.

Common concrete spraying machines

Dry spray machine with thin stream conveyance

In the case of dry injection molding machines, only thin stream conveyance (also known as air conveyance) is used. With this delivery principle, the dry mixture is transported to the spray nozzle with compressed air through a delivery hose.

The dry mixture is added via the filling funnel. From there it goes to the electrically driven allocation unit. This dispensing unit is usually a pocket wheel or a drum rotor. The dry mixture is conveyed on from the distribution unit with the addition of compressed air.

Wet spraying machine with thin stream conveyance

Wet spraying machines that work with thin-stream conveying work similarly to dry spraying machines. The wet mixture is poured into the feed hopper and from there into a drum rotor. The wet mixture is then transported to the spray nozzle by adding compressed air. Alternatively, there are also pressure chamber machines in which the wet mixture is transported to the hose by a screw conveyor and then reaches the spray nozzle with the addition of compressed air.

Wet spraying machine with dense phase conveying

An alternative to thin stream delivery is dense stream delivery (also called push delivery). Machines that work with this delivery principle are essentially concrete pumps . The wet mixture is fed to a double piston pump , screw conveyor pump or rotary hose pump via a feed hopper. The pump then presses the wet mixture evenly into the delivery hose.

Wet spraying machine with plug feed

Another type of construction are wet spray machines with plug conveying. The wet mixture is fed into a pressure chamber through a filling opening. Inside the pressure chamber there is a metering star that distributes the wet mixture in portions to the discharge opening. From there, the wet mixture plug reaches the spray nozzle by adding compressed air.

Manufacturer (selection)

See also

Web links

Commons : Spraying Machine  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. Gerhard Girmscheid: Construction and construction in tunnel construction . John Wiley & Sons, 2008, ISBN 978-3-4330-1852-1 , page 159.
  2. Main Association of the German Construction Industry: BGL Construction Equipment List 2015 . Bauverlag, 2015, ISBN 978-3-7625-3670-3 , page B 60 ff.