Biosemiotics

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Biosemiotics is an interdisciplinary science that biological processes using the semiotics investigated and life as a biological character and communication processes understands.

The term and discipline concept developed in Germany since the early 1970s, first evidence of the term name in 1962. Thure von Uexküll (1908–2004) sought to anchor his father, the famous theoretical biologist Jakob von Uexküll (1864–1944), in the semiotic field. His work (in particular) on the physiology of perception and the subjective perception of animals was outside of the usual teaching, but its implementation and the sheer encyclopedic amount of material consistently stimulating subject matter and extra-subject matter. Thure von Uexküll wrote a fundamental article in the first volume of the Zeitschrift für Semiotik (1979), which sought to establish semiotics in the German-speaking area as a coherent field of science. In the years that followed, the founder of modern psychosomatics wrote fundamental contributions to endosemiotics, the use of symbols in and between cells of the human body. In cooperation with the Jakob von Uexküll Center in Tartu (Estonia) and Uexküll's grandson Carl Wolmar Jakob von Uexküll , the founder of the alternative Nobel Prize, the University of Hamburg maintains the Jakob von Uexküll archive for environmental research and biosemiotics .

Coming from linguistics, Thomas Sebeok had also increasingly dealt with the language of non-human living beings. During this time, lectures and works on the art of nest-building birds or human-dog communication were created. The questions also stimulated biochemists and geneticists. Questions of information generation and transmission in living bodies, the coding and transmission of genetic information literally call for sign theories. The biologist Joachim Schult works from his field of research with spiders for the semiotic turn of biology. Kalevi Kull from the new biosemiotics center in Tartu writes the history of the discipline without fear of contact with neo-vitalism. Günther Witzany examines the epistemological foundations of biosemiotics and measures the implementation of the results of the epistemological discourse in biosemiotics. As a consequence, he developed a theory of biocommunication.

Biosemiotics is not a counter-paradigm to conventional biology, but it is an interdisciplinary discipline, dependent on inquiries and available empirical data from the natural scientific disciplines, but then able to contribute often unexpected frameworks and methods. The integrative perspective on life with convivial intent (Jeff Bernard) is, however, beyond all questions of method, an interest in research, knowledge, even life, for which the majority of those involved in biosemiotics want to stand up.

See also

literature

  • Donald Favareau (Ed.): Essential Readings in Biosemiotics: Anthology and Commentary (= Biosemiotics. Volume 3). Springer, Berlin 2010.
  • Thure von Uexküll: Signs, Symbols and Systems . In: T. Sebeok, R. Posner (Eds.): A semiotic Landscape. The Hague, Paris, New York 1974, pp. 487-492.
  • Thure von Uexküll: Jakob von Uexküll. In: Journal of Semiotics. First volume 1979.
  • Thure von Uexküll: The environmental theory as the theory of the sign processes. In: Thure von Uexküll (Ed.): Jakob von Uexküll. Composition theory of nature. Frankfurt, Berlin, Vienna 1980.
  • Martin Krampen, Klaus Oehler, Roland Posner, Thomas A. Sebeok, Thure von Uexküll (eds.): Classics of Semiotics. Plenum Press, New York 1987.
  • Thure von Uexküll (1989). Science as a theory of signs. Mercury 43: 225-234.
  • Thure von Uexküll: Semiotics and medicine . In: Semiotica Volume 38, No. 3/4, 1982, pp. 205-215.
  • Thomas A. Sebeok, Jean Umiker-Sebeok (Eds.): Biosemiotics: The Semiotic Web 1991 . Mouton de Gruyter, Berlin 1992.
  • Thure von Uexküll, Geigges, Werner, Herrmann, Jörg: Endosemiosis . In: Semiotica Vol. 96, No. 1/2, 1993, pp. 5-51.
  • Franz M. Wuketits : Concepts of signs in biology from the 18th century to the present . In: Semiotics : Roland Posner, Klaus Robering, Thomas A. Sebeok (eds.): A handbook on the theoretical basics of nature and culture Volume 2, de Gruyter Berlin 1980, pp. 1723–1732.
  • Jesper Hoffmeyer: Biosemiotics . University of Scranton Press, Scranton 2008.
  • Winfried Nöth , Kalevi Kull: 2015. Biosemiotics . In: Gabriele Dürbeck, Urte Stobbe (Ed.), Ecocriticism: An introduction. Böhlau Verlag, Cologne, pp. 32–43.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Winfried Nöth : Handbook of Semiotics . Verlag JB Metzler, Stuttgart 2000, p. 254.
  2. ↑ On the first evidence from the psychiatrist FS Rothschilder cf. Kalevi Kull: On the history of joining bio with semio: FS Rothschild and the biosemiotic rules. In: Sign Systems Studies . Volume 27, 1999, pp. 128-138.
  3. ^ Thomas A. Sebeok: Communication among social bees; porpoises and sonar; man and dolphin . Language 39, 1963, pp. 448-466.
  4. ↑ Joachim Schult (ed.): IVZBiosemiotik - practical application and consequences for the individual sciences . VWB-Verlag, Berlin 2004.
  5. ^ Kalevi Kull: On the history of joining bio with semio FS Rothschild and the biosemiotic rules. In: Sign Systems Studies. Volume 27, 1999, pp. 128-138.
  6. ↑ Kalevi Kull, Claus Emmeche, Donald Favareau: Biosemiotic questions. In: Biosemiotics Volume 1, No. 1, 2008, pp. 41-55.
  7. ↑ Kalevi Kull, Terrence Deacon, Claus Emmeche, Jesper Hoffmeyer, Frederik Stjernfelt: Theses on biosemiotics: Prolegomena to a theoretical biology. In: Biological Theory Volume 4, No. 2, 2009, pp. 167-173.
  8. ^ Günther Witzany: Biocommunication and natural processing of genetic texts . Bod., Norderstedt 2011.
  9. ^ Günther Witzany: The Logos of the Bios 1. Contributions to the foundation of a three leveled Biosemiotics . Umweb, Helsinki 2006.
  10. ^ Günther Witzany: The Logos of the Bios 2. Bio-Communication . Umweb, Helsinki 2007.
  11. ^ Günther Witzany (Ed.): Biosemiotics in Transdisciplinary Contexts . Umweb, Helsinki 2007.

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