Bithynium (geology)
| series | step | Lower level | ≈ age ( mya ) |
|---|---|---|---|
| higher | higher | higher | younger |
| Middle Triassic | Ladinium | Longobardium | 239.1-235 |
| Fassanium | 242-239.1 | ||
| Anisium | Illyrium | 244-242 | |
| Pelsonium | 244.9-244 | ||
| Bithynium | 246.3-244.9 | ||
| Aegeum | 247.2-246.3 | ||
| deeper | deeper | deeper | older |
The bithynium is a time interval in the history of the earth . It is the second informal lower level of the anisium , the third chronostratigraphic level of the Triassic . It follows the Aegeum , the lowest level of the anisium, and is replaced by the lower level of the pelsonium .
Concept history
The technical term bithynium was proposed by Riccardo Assereto in 1974 . The name is named after the Kokaeli Peninsula , the former Bithynia (or Latin Bithynia) in what is now Turkey . The type locality is on the Kokaeli Peninsula near the city of Gebze , along the Istanbul-Ismid railway line (km 49.780 to km 51.500).
Definition, correlation, absolute dating and subdivision
The lower limit of the Bithynium forms the base of the Nicomedites osmani ammonite zone, the upper limit is the base of the Pelsonium, the first appearance of the ammonite species Balatonites balatonicus . Aegeum and Bithynium are also known as lower anise. Lower anise and bithynium are informal stratigraphic names as they have not been ratified by the International Commission on Stratigraphy .
According to the current correlation with geochronology, the bithynium ranges from 246.3 to 244.9 million years ago.
The Bithynium comprises two ammonite zones, the
- Aghdarbandites ismidicus zone and the
- Nicomedites osmani zone
supporting documents
Individual evidence
- ↑ TimeScale Creator 5.0 download page
literature
- Riccardo Assereto: Aegean and Bithynian. Proposal of two new anisian substages; Symposium Vienna, May 1973. In: Helmuth Zapfe (Ed.): The Stratigraphy of the Alpine-Mediterranean Trias (= series of publications by the Earth Science Commissions. Volume 2). Springer, Vienna 1974, ISBN 3-211-81253-9 , pp. 23-39.
- Felix Gradstein, James Ogg, Alan Smith (Eds.): A Geologic Time Scale 2004 . Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2004, ISBN 0-521-78142-6 , 589 pp.
- Julius Pia : Basic concepts of stratigraphy with extensive application to the European Middle Triassic. Deuticke, Leipzig 1930.
- Herbert Summesberger, Ludwig Wagner: The stratotype of the anise (triad). Geological description of the profile of Großreifling (Styria). In: Annals of the Natural History Museum Vienna. Year 76, 1972, pp. 515-538 ( PDF on ZOBODAT ).
- Wilhelm Waagen , Carl Diener : I. Lower Triassic (Scythian and Dinaric series). In: Edmund von Mojsisovics, Wilhelm Waagen, Carl Diener: Draft of a structure of the pelagic sediments of the Triassic system . In: Meeting reports of the Academy of Sciences in Vienna, mathematical and natural science class. Volume 104, 1895, pp. 1278-1296, ISSN 0371-4810 .