Blackmar Diemer Gambit

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1. d4 d5 2. e4 dxe4 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. f3 exf3

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The Blackmar-Diemer-Gambit (also called BDG for short ) is a gambit , i.e. an opening of the chess game that arose from the Blackmar-Gambit . In the ECO codes , the Gambit is classified under the key D00.

It arises after the trains:

1. d2 – d4 d7 – d5
2. e2 – e4 d5xe4
3. Nb1 – c3 Ng8 – f6
4. f2 – f3 e4xf3

Idea and story

The American chess player Armand Edward Blackmar designed the plan to give White open lines and a developmental advantage through the pawn sacrifice 2. e2 – e4 d5xe4 followed by 3. f2 – f3. But with the answer 3.… e7 – e5! can Black gain advantage.

The Polish master Ignacy Popiel took up Blackmar's not yet fully developed ideas and added the intermediate move 3. Nb1 – c3 in the third move . However, he didn't want to play a gambit, but rather win the pawn back with 4. Bc1 – g5 . It was Emil Joseph Diemer who combined the Blackmar gambit with Popiel's knight move and thus created the Blackmar Diemer gambit. He brought himself only indirectly in connection with the name of the gambit. Instead, Max Euwe wrote for the first time in 1951 in the chess archive about the "Blackmar-Diemer-Gambit". Up to this point in time the gambit was still known as the "Blackmar Gambit".

Diemer was not going to let it get to the final because he's aggressive style of play "From the first train on to Matt represented". In fact, the Blackmar-Diemer-Gambit offers an abundance of tactically highly complicated variants. Very often White achieves a successful mate attack on - easily passing - black inaccuracies. If this does not succeed, there is sometimes a permanent check in reserve; but if White fails, he is usually so far behind that he can give up before the endgame. The draw is rather the exception.

Evaluation and Practice

Opinions are still divided on the question of whether the BDG is correct, i.e. whether the compensation at least outweighs the farmers. It is hardly played at the master's level because the prevailing opinion is that with correct counterplay by Black, White would receive too little compensation for the pawn and would therefore be at a disadvantage. This contrasts with the excellent results for White where the BDG is played - around two thirds of all tournament games that were opened in this way were wins for White. However, this is not direct proof of the quality of the system, because especially often in this opening the white man is far superior to his opponent in theoretical knowledge. Even incorrect, but full of traps, variants usually lead to victory. In games between high-class and equal-ranking players, however, Black often manages to successfully defend and then utilize the extra pawn. A final refutation of the whole system is not known. In blitz chess , especially on the Internet , the BDG is very popular and promising for players of all levels.

The fans of the Gambit have developed a life of their own with separate magazines and themed tournaments in the past . In the years between 1968 and 1975 and from 1979 to 1983 separate “BDG correspondence chess world tournaments” were held. Diemer and other players such as Georg Studier, Uwe Stapelfeldt and Gerhart Gunderam explored variants in correspondence chess themed tournaments.

Important variants

After 1. d2 – d4 d7 – d5 2. e2 – e4 d5xe4 3. Nb1 – c3 Ng8 – f6 4. f2 – f3 several variations are possible. Some variants can also arise from train changes from other openings.

Rejections of the Gambit

  • The Elbert Counter-Gambit 4.… e7 – e5? loses after 5.d4xe5 Qd8xd1 + 6. Ke1xd1! Nf6 – d7 7. Nc3 – d5 Ke8 – d8 8. Bc1 – g5 + two pawns. 5.… Nf6 – d7 would minimize the damage.
  • The O'Kelly defense 4.… c7 – c6 with the idea of ​​5. f3xe4 e7 – e5
  • 4.… c7 – c5 (Brombacher counter-gambit)
  • After 4.… Bc8 – f5 (Vienna Defense) White can continue to play a gambit with 5. f3xe4 or 5. Bf1 – c4 , or with 5. g2 – g4 Bf5 – g6 6. g4 – g5 Nf6 – d5 7. Nc3xe4 den Recapture pawns, but the pawn structure on the kingside is weakened.
  • 3.… e7 – e5 is the Lviv Counter-Gambit .
  • The continuation 2.… c6 leads to the Caro-Kann defense , the continuation 2.… e6 leads to the French defense .

Accepting the Gambit

  • 4.… e4xf3 is the assumption of the gambit, according to which the two main continuations 5. Ng1xf3 and 5. Qd1xf3 exist. Both lead to sharp play.
    • After 5. Ng1xf3 , 5.… Bc8 – g4 , 5.… e7 – e6 and 5.… g7 – g6 are the most common continuations.

However, others are also possible such as B. the waiting 5.… c7 – c6 : After 6. Bc4 the black king's bishop will develop with e6, after 6. Bd3 with g6. It therefore makes sense for White to also wait and not develop his own king's bishop for the time being by means of 6. Bg5.

The variants 5.… Bc8 – e6 and 5.… h7 – h5 proposed by Gunderam are rare and largely unexplored in tournament practice.

In contrast, 5.… Bc8 – f5 has been the subject of extensive research, mainly by Diemer, Studier and Gunderam.

  • With the Ryder gambit 5. Qd1xf3 White offers a second pawn. Black can reject it or after 5.… Qd8xd4 play 6. Bc1 – e3 with two extra pawns against White's strong attack. The quality gain 6.… Qd4 – b4? 7. 0–0–0 Bc8 – g4? loses because of 8. Nc3 – b5 !!.

A final evaluation of the variants is still pending.

See also

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ d5. e4. dxe4.Nc3.Nf6. f3. exf3 & nodes = 10703.75972.288760.544614.544615.1216292.169362.169363 Statistics at the Chessgames Opening Explorer
  2. ^ Georg Studier: The modern Blackmar-Diemer-Gambit. Volume 3. Schachverlag Rudi Schmaus, Heidelberg 1980, p. 26 ff.

literature

  • Gerhart Gunderam : Blackmar-Diemer-Gambit. W. Rau, Düsseldorf 1986, ISBN 3-791902-58-X .
  • Gary Lane: Blackmar-Diemer Gambit. Batsford, London 1995, ISBN 0-713477-25-3 .
  • Tim Sawyer: The Blackmar-Diemer Gambit: Keybook II. Pickard & Son, Wylie 1999, ISBN 1886846146 .
  • Dany Sénéchaud: Emil Diemer (1908–1990), missionnaire des échecs acrobatiques. 3rd edition, 2003. Excerpt

Web links