Bobo doll study

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Experiments by the psychologist Albert Bandura are referred to as the Bobo doll study . They are among his most important studies of observational or model learning . One particularly well-known experiment from this series, also known as the Rocky experiment, is described below. However, there are other studies on the same topic.

Course of the study by Bandura (1963)

The age of the participants ranged from 35 to 69 months, the mean age was 52 months. 48 of them were boys and 48 were girls. A film was shown that showed an adult person named "Rocky" in a room with several objects, whereby the person behaves aggressively towards a large plastic doll called "Bobo": the doll was hit, kicked, thrown to the ground and insulted, sometimes with new words .

The film ended in three different variations. The children were shown one version of each, creating three randomized test groups of participants. Half of the test group got to see the optional ending.

  1. At the end, a second person joins "Rocky" for his behavior and praises him with sweets.
  2. At the end the other person also joins them, but rebukes "Rocky" and punishes him with beatings and threats.
  3. The event remains uncommented, no other person appears.

Immediately afterwards, the children were led - individually - into a room with the same objects. The children played with the various objects, but also imitated Rocky's aggressive behavior towards Bobo (also with the newly created words). The willingness to be aggressive was different in the different groups. After being encouraged and rewarded, the children showed a significant increase in violence. The boys in particular showed more aggressive behavior towards the doll after the reward. The children who had previously seen Rocky's punishment were significantly less aggressive, but showed comparable aggressiveness when prompted to use violence. The group with the neutral end showed similar aggressive behavior as the group that was shown the praise.

The children were then offered a reward for every act they saw that they could remember and imitate. This increased the copulation rate in all three groups, with the group that could follow Rocky's punishment outperforming the other two groups.

Conclusion

Albert Bandura concluded that the children learned the role model behavior equally, but reproduced it differently depending on the consequences. So there is a difference between acquisition (acquisition or competence) and execution (performance) of the observed behavior.

See also

swell

  1. ↑ Bandura, A. (1965). Influence of models reinforcement contingencies on the acquisition of imitative response. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 1 , 589-595.
  2. ↑ Bandura, A., Ross, D., & Ross, SA (1961): Transmission of aggressions through imitation of aggressive models. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 63 , 575-582.
  3. ↑ Bandura, A., Ross, D., & Ross, SA (1963): Imitation of film-mediated aggressive models. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 66 , 3-11.
  4. ↑ Bandura, A., Ross, D., & Ross, SA (1963). Imitation of film-mediated aggressive models. The Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 66 (1), 3rd p. 4 https://www.uky.edu/~eushe2/Bandura/Bandura1963JASP.pdf

literature

  • Schermer, F. (1998). Learning and memory. Stuttgart: Kohlhammer.
  • Exchange R. , Exchange A.-M. (1970): Educational Psychology. 5th edition Göttingen: Hogrefe.