Goat

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Bock bill is a colloquial expression for the official medical health certificate that persons with frequently changing sexual intercourse (former amt German term for prostitute) in many places had to show regularly in Germany until about the year 2000th The name arose from the trestle , the gynecological examination chair on which the test subjects had to go to make the necessary vaginal swabs .

The term is not used in Austria; instead, the term lid is used colloquially .

Legal basis

The authorization basis for the Bockschein was derived from the Act to Combat Venereal Diseases (GeschlKrG) of July 23, 1953, which authorized the health authorities to restrict the basic rights to physical integrity and freedom of the person for the purpose of combating sexually transmitted diseases . Since the implementation provisions of the law lay with the federal states, there were different regulations for carrying out the examinations depending on the state, which usually had to be carried out every two weeks or monthly. Some federal states also authorized the individual health authorities to regulate themselves, so that in some municipalities the compulsory examinations were abolished as early as the 1980s.

Abolition in Germany

On January 1, 2001, the law to combat venereal diseases expired and was replaced by the Infection Protection Act (IfSG), which relies on voluntary offers of help from the health authorities in relation to the control of infectious diseases instead of official controls and coercive measures. As a result of this change in the law, there was no longer any authorization basis for the mandatory health examinations of prostitutes, so that these had to be abolished nationwide. In 2001 , Baden-Württemberg , Bavaria and Saxony were the last federal states to repeal their uniform state regulations. Shortly after the abolition of the Bockschein, Bavaria introduced a compulsory condom for female and male prostitutes and their clients in its ordinance for the prevention of communicable diseases with effect from May 16, 2001 .

Prostitutes and Sexually Transmitted Diseases

Statistical surveys had shown that “prostitutes with professional behavior”, contrary to popular opinion, do not suffer from sexually transmitted diseases more often than the average population. The prescribed routine examinations, which were abolished with the change from the GschlKrG to the IfSG, “took account of the fact that the main risk of infection does not come from the established prostitutes who are to be recorded by routine examinations, but from drug-addicted women and migrants from high-risk countries who largely make state control attempts revoke."

Austria

According to the Venereal Diseases Act of 1945 and its implementing provisions, prostitutes in Austria are required to undergo a weekly health check-up. This health certificate is officially called the control card and colloquially known as the “lid”. The term " Bockschein" is not used in Austria. The 1993 AIDS Act also stipulates regular HIV examinations every three months at the most. Research shows that prostitutes with a control card are healthier than secret prostitutes. The mandatory performance of a check-up is therefore a widespread argument in Austria for the legalization of prostitution.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ gapinfo.de , accessed on July 1, 2007.
  2. ↑ bmfsfj.de ( Memento of the original from September 27, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved July 1, 2007.  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.bmfsfj.de
  3. ↑ gapinfo.de , accessed on July 2, 2007.
  4. ↑ Prevention of sexually transmitted diseases in prostitutes - the situation in Mannheim and the effects of the new Infection Protection Act (IfSG) .  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF) City of Mannheim, 8. November 2001; Retrieved February 4, 2008.@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / web.mannheim.de  
  5. ↑ sophie.or.at ( Memento of the original from September 27, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.sophie.or.at
  6. ↑ Public Safety . The Interior Ministry magazine No. 1–2 / 2003 January-February.
  7. ↑ stadt-salzburg.at  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF)@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.stadt-salzburg.at  
  8. ↑ III. Epidemiology. (PDF) In: Health Report Vienna 1998. p. 133 , archived from the original on September 28, 2007 ; accessed on December 29, 2014 .
  9. ↑ Judicial crime statistics 2009 . , ISBN 978-3-902703-54-5 , S 22: “The Federal Law, Federal Law Gazette No. 243/1989, repealed Section 210 of the Criminal Code, which previously made commercial same-sex fornication with a person of the male sex punishable. This legal measure is the result of a detailed discussion, in which the proponents mainly argued that the countermeasures taken in connection with the spread of AIDS, in particular the implementation of regular examinations and the official registration of all prostitutes, were made by the general criminality of male homosexual prostitution would be severely impaired in their efficiency. "