Boyarunas

In the Bessarabian estates at the time of belonging to Russia in the 19th century, boyarunas denoted people who did not originally come from the nobility, but who had “acquired wealth and personal nobility by administering offices under the previous government”. In the order of estates they were among the boyars and above the masulen .

Individual evidence

• Heinrich Karl Wilhelm Berghaus : Annals of geography, ethnology and national studies. Volume 12, Grass, Barth & Company, 1841, pp. 323-324 → online