Fire simulation system
Fire simulation systems (BSA), heat acclimatization systems (WGA) and flue gas ignition systems (RDA) (also fire kites) are facilities of the fire brigade or private providers in which the working conditions in the event of fires are simulated.
The primary use of these systems is the training of fire fighters . At average room temperatures of 300 ° C to 400 ° C and up to 700 ° C under the ceiling when simulating flue gas ignition, they learn to deal with the physical and psychological stresses that can prevail in use.
In addition to exercises, the BSA can also be used to test new equipment or new tactics. Since a fire simulation system is cheaper and more mobile, it is often used instead of a fire house . A special version of a fire simulation system is an aircraft replica in which aircraft fires can be simulated.
Heat habituation system (WGA) / fire simulation systems (BSA)
The original heat familiarization system or fire simulation system is merely a system for getting used to the heat of the fire. Extinguishing techniques learned in advance with hollow jet pipes are shown and practiced in practice in the containers. Due to the minimal water consumption when using the spray lance correctly, water damage in real use can be minimized, if not avoided. The participating emergency services experience the stress caused by the heat as realistically as possible. The limits of protective clothing are also shown in order to avoid approaching too closely in an emergency.
Flue gas ignition system (RDA)
Flue gas ignition systems (RDA) go one step further here. In such systems, flue gas ignition ( roll-over , incorrectly called flashover in colloquial language ) can also be simulated.
Lighting
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Solid fuel systems
This type of system is fired with wood (mostly old pallets). The temperature, the flame pattern and the smoke development are controlled by opening and closing the container doors. In contrast to the gas-fired systems, however, an emergency stop is not possible here, which means that the instructors here have greater responsibility with regard to safety.
Gas-fired systems
In the gas-fired system, the heat is generated by the controlled burning of liquid gas or natural gas. The advantage here is the better controllability of the fire and the possibility of better regulating the temperature, because the gas can simply be reduced or switched off in the event of a fault or emergency.
The pollutant emissions are also low here, which significantly improves implementation with today's environmental requirements compared to solid-fuel-fired systems.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Firefighters went through the fire kite , Welt Online, March 26, 2003. Retrieved December 16, 2018.
- ↑ a b c 'Some like it hot' Fire department magazine special issue 2008 "Behavior in internal attacks", pages 95ff
- ↑ New fire system inaugurated: Flames and smoke at the airport. Unique in Germany: the fire brigade can now simulate an emergency better. Verlag Nürnberger Presse Druckhaus Nürnberg GmbH & Co. KG, July 13, 2018, accessed on July 21, 2018 .