Brattforshyttan
Brattforshyttan is a former ironworks in the Swedish County of Värmland . The hut is one of several huts in which pig iron has been extracted in the mining region around Filipstad since the 16th century . Brattforshyttan is first mentioned in the land register in 1540 .
Brattforshyttan is close to Riksväg 63, about ten kilometers southwest of Filipstad . The hut is protected as Byggnadsminne .
history
The hut's tax revenue was set in 1540 for 520 Osmund . This put the hut in fourth place of the 15 largest huts recorded in the land register.
In 1560 four miners and nine ironworkers were employed. Despite the unfavorable traffic situation with long and difficult transport routes from the tunnels, the smelter was part of Sweden's important iron industry, whose business remained at the same level with a few exceptions until it was closed in 1920.
The ore was brought over the steep Damshöjden in horse or ox wagons . In winter it was possible to use sledges. Ore suppliers were mainly the Nordmarks- and Persbergsgrube. At Nordmarksberg there was a mine called Brattforsgruvan , which was probably operated by miners from Brattfors.
In the early 1600s the foundry closed. In 1624 the foundry appeared to be back in operation, but this seems unlikely as it was built in 1641. This year is often cited as the actual year of construction, although it is the year of rebuilding.
Wrought iron manufacture
In the first half of the 1600s, two iron hammers were built for making rods. The so-called lower hammer was finished in 1615, the upper hammer in the early 1630s. There were three hammers during the 1640s, but no information is available about the third system. From the point of view of the transport routes, the location of the hammers was unfavorable. However, there was plenty of coal for firing, so the smelter was more competitive than wood-fired ones. The upper hammer was declared uneconomical in 1687 and shut down in 1689 by a board decision.
The hammer mill continued to operate during the mercantilist era because it was on the outskirts of the region and coal could be fetched from other areas. Production was kept at a relatively low level and was limited to 600 skeppspunds in the early 1840s . The breakthrough of liberalism meant a considerable upswing for the hut. Production doubled towards the end of the 1840s and rose to even higher numbers after the introduction of the Lancashire process in the Walloon forging process in 1853, to around 800 tons in 1875 and 1,500 tons ten years later. Due to competition from Stora Götmetallverken , production soon decreased, in 1900 it was only 434 tons. In 1918 the Lancashire forge was closed and a good two years later the entire hut was closed.
Around 1900 C. Geijer was the owner of the hut (in Swedish Brukspatron ) in Brattfors. There is not much left of the forge today, it was demolished only a few years after production ceased and the owner at the time sold all the facilities. The hut itself is in good condition and shows the first major exhibition on historic ironmaking in Bergslagen.
Brattfors – Gejierstal railway line
| Brattfors – Geijersdal | |||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Route length: | 9 km | ||||||||||||||||
| Gauge : | 750 mm ( narrow gauge ) | ||||||||||||||||
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On November 14, 1902, a narrow-gauge railway with 750 mm gauge was put into operation between Brattfors and Geijersdal. The route was built by Brattfors Aktiebolag on behalf of Brattforshyttan on their own land and was nine kilometers long. This route established a connection with the standard-gauge Bergslagsbana in Geijersdal .
The maximum gradient of the route, which largely ran over heather and moorland, was 1:60. A new steam locomotive was procured for the route . This made it easier to transport the hut products to Bergslagsbanan, especially in spring and autumn, when the road conditions were poor. For a test drive with the locomotive, some of the miners were invited by owner Chr. R. Geijer to go on a special trip to Geijersdal.
| number | design type | Wheel alignment | Manufacturer | Fabr.-No./ year of construction |
Special |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Tank locomotive | C. | Kristinehamns Mekaniska Verkstad , Kristinehamn | 78/ 1902 |
Parked in 1932, handed over to Stjärnfors in 1935, scrapped in 1951 |
The line existed until 1932 and after the closure of the ironworks it was used for timber transport, the largest amount of which was transported to Skoghallsverken in Skoghall .
literature
Byggnadsminnen 1961-1978 (= Förteckning över byggnadsminnen enligt were the 9 december 1960 . No. 960 ). Riksantikvarieämbetet and Liber Förlag, Stockholm 1981, ISBN 91-38-06360-3 (Swedish).
Individual evidence
- ↑ Erik Tholander, Karin Calissendorff: Om Osmund. (PDF; 947 kB) In: Jernkontorets Bergshistoriska Uttskott. Jernkontorets Forskning, November 15, 1971, p. 5 , archived from the original ; Retrieved on February 12, 2016 (Swedish, Osmund appears in the oldest sources as a kind of standard iron of certain dimensions, shape, weight and quality): “I de äldsta källorna framstår osmunden som en sorts standardjärn av bestämt mått, form, vikt (c. 3 hg) och kvalitet "
- ^ After Carl Philipsson Bonde (1581–1652).
- ↑ Joseph Guinchard: Sweden: historical-statistical manual / second part: trade /. Projekt Runeberg , 1913, p. 323 , accessed on August 28, 2013 .
- ↑ Walloon forge. In: Pierer's Universal Lexicon at Zeno.org. Retrieved December 9, 2014 .
- ↑ J. Kruse: Järnvägen Brattfors – Geijersdal. filipstadsbergslag.com, October 8, 2005, accessed July 4, 2016 (Swedish, article in Filipstads Tidning November 15, 1902).
- ^ Erik Sundström and Hans Eriksson: Smalspår och sjöfart i Bergslagen . Frank Stenvalls Forlag, Malmö 2003.
- ↑ Erik Sundström, Rolf Sten: Ånglok tillverkade av Kristinehamn. Retrieved August 29, 2013 .
- ↑ Kristinehamn's Mek. Werkstad, Kristinehamn (Krh), Ånglok, Magnus Lindelöf. (PDF; 11 kB) (No longer available online.) January 15, 2006, formerly in the original ; accessed on June 21, 2015 . ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )
Web links
- Story of Brattforshyttan . In: filipstadsbergslag.com. Retrieved August 30, 2013 (Swedish).
- Järnvägen Brattfors – Geijersdal. In: filipstadsbergslag.com. Retrieved August 30, 2013 (Swedish).
- BRATTFORSHYTTAN. Riksantikvarieämbetet, accessed August 30, 2013 (Swedish).