Breitenloch (desert)

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Breitenloch (also Breidenloch ) is a deserted area in Frankfurt am Main , east of today's Frankfurt-Sossenheim district . The settlement probably went under around 1619. In the years 1218, 1222, 1398 and 1440 Breitenloch was mentioned in a document, soon afterwards it was only referred to as a desert. Today the field name Breitenloch and the Breitlacher Straße in Frankfurt-Rödelheim are reminiscent of the submerged village that is now covered by the BAB 648 motorway ; it was at the level of the Rödelheim junction.

At that time, three main factors led to the disappearance of towns: the climatic changes in the Little Ice Age, economic or political influences. Crop failure in the 14th century led to famine, the decline in population was exacerbated by the plague epidemics of 1518–1525, 1547–1550, 1625/1635 and 1664–1666, which had erupted in Sossenheim at that time. Between 1637 and 1719 there was also a cold phase of the Little Ice Age, in which Breitenloch became a desert. The reason for this was that Frankfurt was a center of horticultural viticulture at that time. For Sossenheim, the Wingarten (Weingarten) corridor is known for growing wine. It was too cold for him then. It is believed that this change has given rise to a real Frankfurt specialty in Sossenheim: "The decline in viticulture has contributed to the emergence of apple wine."

Spellings and mentions

Breitenloch is first recorded as a Carolingian settlement in various spellings in 18 medieval documents (LAGIS, Arcinsys). It is located in the Sossenheim district near the A 648 exit towards Rödelheim. It consisted of the estate with the noble residence of the nobles (knights) at Breitenloch like Waltherus von Sozenheim. The manor and property of the local Huebner probably had 200 hectares of land and 50–60 inhabitants.

  • 789/790 Certificate of Lorsch Breitenbach Abbey
  • 1213 Knight Waltherus de Sozenheim is the only documented noblewoman from Sossenheim (witness in the donation of the Eberbach monastery)
  • 1218 Kurmainzer Certificate Monastery of Mainz Abbey of St. Maria zu den Greden Magredenstift Sozzenheim, Breidenloch
  • 1222 Bredinloch, Nassauisches Urkundenbuch 1,1, pp. 268–269, no. 380
  • 1273 Conrad von Breitenloch in the Sozenheimer Flur promises tithe magreden pen
  • 1326 Frankfurter Liebfrauenstift receives 28 Malter Frucht from Katharine von Wanebach from the municipality of Breitenloch von Sozenheym
  • 1345 Breitenloch possessions in Königstein and Niederhöchststadt, some of the income from which goes to the Antonius Chapel in Kronberg
  • 1353 Schultheis Wasmud von Breydinloch and Wygand Schabhorn von Soszinheim receive 12 acres of arable land at Soszinheim from Frank and Johann von Cronenberg Gebrüder und Ritter zu Landsiedelrecht for an interest of three eighths of a grain
  • 1367 document of the Carmelite monastery "hinder Breydenloch"
  • 1372 Before the court of Breydenloch (village Breidenloch)
  • 1374 Hennekin Kesseler zu Breidenloch sells the Frankfurt Hermann Wagner an eternal interest on his farm in Sossenheim, which has a Dinghof
  • 1393 Document by Bartholomäus Stift "is ville Breydenloch"
  • 1395 Third indiction, in the sixth year of the coronation of Pope Boniface IX., "Dez Vierden dages dez mandes who one calls to latyne Februararius" in the village of Breydenloche, Mainz diocese, on the open street, in front of Henne Urseler, Mayor and the judges Heinrich from the reed,
  • 1407 Breitenlocher declare to the city council of Frankfurt that they are subjects of Archbishop Mainz, Magre-denstift
  • 1416 Document by Bartholomäus Stift "Bleydenloch"
  • 1430 Certificate of the Carmelite monastery "vff die gaßen zu breydenloche"
  • 1483 Rödelheim cellar book, Count von Solms, "Sossenheym and breydloch"
  • 1535 Certificate of alms box "against Breydeloch"
  • 1641 document of the Carmelite monastery "near braidtlich"

literature

  • Heinz F. Friedrichs: On the history of the former settlements Biegen and Breitenloch in the western urban area of ​​Frankfurt. In: Ländlein Dreieich. Vol. 3, No. 7, 1933, ZDB -ID 556592-3 , pp. 49-55.
  • Adalbert Vollert: Sossenheim. From the history of a Frankfurt district. Frankfurter Sparkasse von 1822 (Polytechnische Gesellschaft), Frankfurt am Main 1980, pp. 29-30.
  • Heimat- und Geschichtsverein Rödelheim eV: Contributions to the history of Rödelheim . tape 1 : Rödelheim history and stories: Breidenloch . HGV Rödelheim, Frankfurt am Main 2006, p. 65-66 .

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Breitenloch, City of Frankfurt am Main. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
  2. ↑ Breitenloch .  Cartographic representation In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
  3. ↑ [(Bethke, "Main-Taunus-Land. Historisches Ortslexikon" 1996, p 179 Noble seat e.g. 1213 Knight Waltherus de Sozenheim and Ingrid Bartholomäi, "Frankfurter Urkunden Staufischer Herrscher" S 87, footnote 103 with further references; original document 1213 Oculus Memorie, Hessisches Hauptstaatsarchiv Wiesbaden)]

Coordinates: 50 ° 7 '  N , 8 ° 35'  E