Briquette factory Herrmannschacht
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The Herrmannschacht briquette factory in Zeitz was built in 1889 to supply the Zeitz sugar factory with cheap fuels . The factory is considered to be the world's oldest surviving first-generation briquette factory. With the exception of the transmission drive (electric motor), the technical equipment of the factory remained in its original state.
history
In the course of industrialization , a sugar factory was built in Zeitz in 1858. From 1865, the factory director Richard Herrmann had lignite fields developed in the Zeitz area to supply the factory with energy . From 1866 the “Neue Sorge” shaft was sunk. Opposite the sugar factory, a coal loading station was built in 1880/81 directly on the railway line, which was connected to the shaft by a cable car system. From 1883 the cable car led directly to the boiler house of the briquette factory.
At the loading station there was initially a wet stone factory, which was replaced in 1889 by a modern briquette factory with two briquette presses and two plate dryers. In 1895 another press and a third dryer were installed. When lignite dust is briquetted, the mechanically and thermally processed lignite dust (wet service, dry service) is only pressed under high pressure without the addition of binding agents. The factory was named after the sugar factory director Richard Herrmann. The briquette factory was operated without any major modernization until the end of 1959. The mechanical drive took place via a single 12-HP steam engine , later an electric motor and transmission .
As early as 1961, the facility was placed under monument protection, which could not prevent the dismantling of individual parts of the facility and the conversion of individual halls. After the establishment of the "Mitteldeutscher Umwelt- und Technologiepark eV" (MUT) association (1994), which took over the sponsorship of the facility, it was gradually reconstructed from 1996 onwards. The Herrmannschacht Zeitz briquette factory, with its administrative, residential and functional buildings as a whole, is considered to be the oldest surviving first-generation briquette factory in the world. Most of the machinery comes from the 1870s and 1880s. As an important material testimony to Central German industrial and mining history, it was included in the European Route of Industrial Culture on April 19, 2009 .
Plantations demonstrate the formation of the lignite forest.
gallery
Panoramic view of the briquette factory named after Richard Herrmann. On the photo you can see the factory building on the left, the forge with the coal bunker on the right.
Briquette press as a single (extrusion) press, one briquette is produced per pressing process
Rear view of the residential building and former social building of the briquette factory. An oven exhibition is now housed there.
Unloading station for the wagons filled with (raw) coal. The lifting arm was lowered into the wagons and the worm wheels on both sides transported the coal into the wagons by rotating movement. From here they were then transported to the coal bunker above the forge.
Entrance area with the residential and administrative building
Tower of the briquette factory
First generation briquette machine
Weather vane with year "1881" and mallets and iron
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Individual evidence
- ↑ Briquette Factory Herrmannschacht on the website of the European Route of Industrial Culture (accessed April 29, 2013).
literature
- Dachverein Mitteldeutsche Straße der Braunkohle eV (ed.): On the street of brown coal. A journey of discovery through central Germany. Leipzig 2004. ISBN 3-936508-98-4 .
- Institute for Monument Preservation of the GDR (ed.): Monuments of the history of production and transport Part 1 , Verlag für Bauwesen, Berlin 1989, ISBN 3-345-00312-0
- Otfried Wagenbreth : The lignite industry in Central Germany. Geology, history, material evidence . Sax Verlag, Markkleeberg 2011, ISBN 978-3-86729-058-6
Web links
Coordinates: 51 ° 3 ′ 14.2 " N , 12 ° 6 ′ 41.8" E