Castle Authority Austria

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AustriaAustria  Burghauptmannschaft Österreich
Austrian authority
State level Federation
Position of the authority subordinate agency
At sight Federal Ministry for Digitization and Business Location
founding 2000
Headquarters Hofburg Vienna , Schweizerhof, Vienna
Authority management Reinhold Sahl
Servants 150
Website www.burghauptmannschaft.at

The Burghauptmannschaft Österreich ( BHÖ ) is an authority that is responsible for the administration and construction supervision of historic buildings owned by the Republic of Austria . It reports directly to the Federal Ministry for Digitization and Business Location . The highest official of this authority is the castle captain .

tasks

Most of the buildings owned by the federal government were  subordinated to the Federal Real Estate Company (BIG) in the course of the reorganization in 2000 . Around 65 buildings, which are part of Austria's historical and cultural heritage, were not subject to the BIG. For various reasons they were incorporated into the already existing castle administration. Due to the enlargement of the administrative scope, the renaming of Burghauptmannschaft in Vienna to Burghauptmannschaft Austria was carried out. Buildings that only indirectly belong to the republic, for example those owned by the Federal Forests, are not managed.

For example, the Burghauptmannschaft Österreich is responsible for buildings that

  • can only be used to a limited extent due to international law or church treaties,
  • are officially in use or
  • due to strict monument protection regulations, they cannot be used economically with the usual conditions.

Many buildings have also been released for use by their own private companies in recent years. However, if the maintenance of these buildings were left to them, these companies could never operate in line with the market. For this reason, such buildings are in the administration of the Burghauptmannschaft Österreich, which leases the buildings to these companies on conditions so that they can operate independently of the maintenance of the buildings.

The Burghauptmannschaft Austria has specialists who work closely with historians, architects and the Federal Monuments Office and thus carry out construction work or renovations on the various buildings. Traditional craftsmanship also plays an important role here, as it combines specific skills and abilities corresponding to monument protection and can also use this know-how to contribute to the energy efficiency of historical buildings.

The main location of the Burghauptmannschaft Austria is in the Hofburg Vienna .

history

The origins of today's Burghauptmannschaft Austria can be traced back to the medieval office of the burgrave, whose ancient forerunners included the office of Roman Praefectus Castrorum. In addition to the military tasks, the burgrave was also responsible for the administration and administration of a castle. Burgraves were initially members of the counts, who were enfeoffed by a secular or ecclesiastical sovereign with a territory that, in addition to the actual castle, usually also included a settlement and its surrounding area. From the 12th century, the counts in the Bavarian-Austrian area were increasingly replaced by administrative officials, who, however, retained the official title of "burgrave". When city officials also took on military tasks in the late Middle Ages, the official designation is no longer clearly delimited from that of a "city commandant" or "city governor". In the 16th century, the burgrave, as a sovereign official, was only given the task of securing the royal castle.

During the reign of Emperor Friedrich III. (1452–1493) was the story of the Viennese castle, which at that time was not yet the imperial residence, of civil war, the temporary takeover of estates and the conquest by the Hungarian king Mathias Corvinus (1458–1490) in 1485 coined until 1490. It was not until the rule of Emperor Ferdinand I (1558–1564) that Vienna rose to become a royal seat again. The naming of burgraves for this period is not clear. However, it seems certain that from 1530 this office was held by Hans Aphaltrer, who was also the city governor of Vienna. Individual documents from earlier years also identify Niklas Barczal von Döbre (1443) and Cristoff von Hohenveld (1492) as holders of this office. In some publications Burgrave Michael von Maidburg, Graf zu Hardegg and Retz (d. 1483) is shown as Burgrave of Vienna, but this cannot be clearly confirmed, especially since a possible confusion with his title as Burgrave of Maidburg (Magdeburg) cannot be ruled out can be. A certificate of appointment has not been handed over.

The office underwent extensive changes through a resolution by Maria Theresa (1740–1780) of September 23, 1750, in which the empress ordered the abolition of the Oberstburggrafenamt and at the same time appointed Andreas Pögle (1750–1767) as castle inspector. The office of burgrave remained and the castle inspector was given the same status.

A recent major change learned the office of Burg inspector with the Hofstaatsreform Emperor Franz Joseph I . (1848–1916) from 1849 to 1851 by Karl Ludwig Graf von Grünne (1808–1884), adjutant general to the emperor. The order was issued on April 26th, 1849. This envisaged the dissolution of the Hofmobilienamt and the General Building Office and the transfer of their tasks to the inspections and castle management teams. At the same time, the emperor Ludwig appointed Montoyer as captain of Schönbrunn and Hetzendorf and Franz Schücht as captain of Laxenburg and Baden. Ludwig Wagner remained in office as Hofburg inspector, who was succeeded by Ludwig Montoyer as castle captain on September 7, 1850 after his death. Its administrative area extended u. a. About the actual court building, the Hofburgtheater, the city riding school, the stable castle, the court library, the building of the natural history, coin and antiquity cabinet, the Kärntnertortheater, the glass houses in today's Burggarten, the ballroom and the imperial hospital building.

In the early years of the First Republic, the former imperial buildings came under the jurisdiction of the Supreme Administration of the Hofärar under the direction of Section Head a. D. Eugen Beck-Mannagetta (1861-1943). From 1922, the relevant departments are subordinate to the Federal Ministry of Trade and Commerce, Industry and Buildings. In 1936, Karl Walbiner was appointed castle captain to succeed Emanuel Karajan, who remained in office even after the annexation to National Socialist Germany in 1938.

From 1942 onwards, the tasks of the Burghauptmannschaft went to the Reichsbauamt Wien Innere Stadt I./II. (Schmidt and Walbiner) as well as to the administration of the castles (Koppensteiner). These were subordinate departments of Department V (Construction) of the Agriculture Office for the Defense Economic District XVII under the direction of Förster, who in turn gave the Reich Governor in Vienna Baldur v. Schirach (1940–1945) was under.

With the takeover in the Second Republic, the reintegration into the Federal Ministry for Trade and Reconstruction - today's Federal Ministry for Digitization and Business Location - and subordination to the Federal Building Office, Hofrat Paul Neumann was appointed head of the re-established castle administration in Vienna.

As a result of the Federal Real Estate Act 2000, the Burghauptmannschaft Austria emerged from the Burghauptmannschaft in Vienna. The original management of 31 objects became 98 in 2001.

Examples

Only the most important buildings are listed here as examples.

literature

  • Ludwig Mann: The history of the Burghauptmannschaft Vienna . Dissertation. University of Vienna, Vienna 1950.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Markus Wimmer, Christian Gepp: History of the Burghauptmannschaft Austria. Retrieved November 29, 2019 .
  2. ↑ Federal Real Estate Act 2000 , accessed on November 25, 2013.
  3. ↑ Key data of the BHÖ (PDF; 117 kB) of the Court of Auditors from 2002, accessed on April 6, 2009.