Bythotiaridae
| Bythotiaridae | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Bythotiaridae | ||||||||||||
| Maas , 1905 |
The Bythotiaridae are a family of the Hydrozoa (Hydrozoa). The family currently includes around 25 species. It is characterized by its way of life in the gill caves of sea squirts (Ascidiae). Of some genera, only the Medusa stages are known.
features
The hydroid polyps are naked and unbranched. They grow from fleshy, plate-like stolon braids (Hydrorhiza). The body has an indistinctly separated stalk and up to five irregular wreaths of filiform tentacles. The Medusa buds sit approximately at the level of the transition from the stem to the body. The medusa has a mouth with four simple or serrated lips. Centripetal channels are present, but can also be absent. The four or eight radial channels can be single or branched. The gonads sit on the wall of the manubrium . There are four, eight or more hollow, marginally located tentacles, each tentacle with a thickening at the outer end, on which the nettle cells are concentrated. The bases of the tentacles are often fused with the exumbrella. The marginal buds are greatly reduced or completely absent. If present, there may still be strongly reduced solid little tentacles on them. Ocelli are rarely present.
Geographical occurrence
The types of the family occur almost worldwide. They prefer to live in cooler waters.
Systematics
According to the "Hydrozoa Directory", the family comprises nine genera:
- Bythocellata Nair, 1951
- Bythotiara Guenther, 1903
- Calycopsis Fewkes, 1882 ( syn.Eumedua Maas, 1920)
- Gymnogonium Xu & Huang, 1994
- Protiaropsis Stechow, 1919 (nom. Nov. Pro Heterotiara Maas, 1905 non Heterotiara Pomel, 1883)
- Kanaka Uchida, 1947
- Meator Bigelow, 1913
- Pseudotiara bouillon, 1980
- Sibogita Maas, 1904
swell
literature
- Marymegan Daly, Mercer R. Brugler, Paulyn Cartwright, Allen G. Collin, Michael N. Dawson, Daphne G. Fautin, Scott C. France, Catherine S. McFadden, Dennis M. Opresko, Estefania Rodriguez, Sandra L. Romano & Joel L. Stake: The phylum Cnidaria: A review of phylogenetic patterns and diversity 300 years after Linnaeus. Zootaxa, 1668: 127-182, Wellington 2007 ISSN 1175-5326 Abstract - PDF
- Jean Bouillon and Fernando Boero: Synopsis of the families and genera of the hydromedusae of the world, with a list of worldwide species. Thalassia Salentina, 24, 47-296, Galatina 2000 ISSN 0563-3745 PDF .