CFD X 900

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CDF X 900 (billiards A 75 D)
Numbering: 901 to 916
Number: 16
Manufacturer: Établissements Billiards and Chemins de Fer Départementaux
Year of construction (s): from 1946 numbers 901 to 905 by Établissement Billard
from 1951 numbers 906 to 916 by Chemins de Fer Départementaux
Axis formula : A1
Gauge : 1,435 mm
Length: 11,270 mm
Width: 2.65 mm
Empty mass: 8.5 t
Top speed: 75 km / h
Hourly output : 80 hp
Drive: Diesel mechanically
Seats: 32
Standing room: 25th
Railcar X 901 of the Chemin de fer touristique de la Sarthe museum railway

The X 900 series are rail buses ( Autorails ) of the Chemins de Fer Départementaux (CFD), which were originally intended for their standard-gauge railway lines. Later, some of them were commissioned or rented by the French state railway Société Nationale des Chemins de Fer Français (SNCF) on their route network. A total of 16 pieces were built, several of which have been preserved. The X 903 railcar is recognized by the French state as a cultural asset and is considered a monument historique .

Manufacturer

The first five railcars were designed by the manufacturer Établissements Billard from Tours and built under the designation A 75 D in 1946 and 1949. They were put into operation as X 901 to X 905. The eleven other railcars built the Chemins de Fer Départementaux in their workshops in Montmirail in the years 1948 to 1953 according to the plans of the Établissements Billard itself. These were designated with X 906 to X 916.

features

A special characteristic is the low-lying car floor. This was made possible by attaching the motor to one end of the car transversely to the vehicle axis, as in a bus powered by a rear engine . The passenger compartment, a large area with a central aisle in face-to-face seating and with a 2 + 2 seating arrangement, is located between the two entrances. The two driver's cabs are each arranged in the middle at the end of the vehicle. The driver's cab on the side of the engine is slightly raised on a pedestal due to the arrangement of the engine and the gearbox. On the roof of the car there is a luggage compartment similar to that of contemporary buses. This could be achieved on both sides via a ladder.

The first vehicles initially had no clutch and ran alone. In order to enable it to be used with identical vehicles, a trumpet coupling typical of the time on trams was retrofitted. The other vehicles had the corresponding coupling from the start. This later made it possible to use identically constructed sidecars that were created from individual demotorized vehicles of the same series.

particularities

Demonstration drives and, ultimately, use on the SNCF route network did not lead to the state railway procuring a larger series of vehicles due to the small number of seats.

Structural elements such as the low-lying floor of the car and the diesel engine with mechanical power transmission, which is arranged transversely to the direction of travel at the end of the car, went into the development of the SNCF series X 5600 FNC , which was built from 1947 to 1953, under the direction of the Fédération Nationale des Cheminots (FNC) , Billiards was also involved in the development and construction of two other companies. In contrast to the X 900 series, however, the X 5600 series had significantly more seats, a central entry and only one driver's cab, which was located in a pulpit at one end of the car.

This shape also shaped the later SNCF series X 5500 and X 5800 , also called "Mobylettes" or "U150", which were built from 1950 to 1954, as well as the significantly larger vehicles of the SNCF series X 3800 ("Picasso") Created between 1950 and 1961.

Whereabouts

The museum has preserved:

Web links

literature

  • Yves Broncard, Autorails de France: Les Autorails légers des années 1930, Les Autorails légers des années 1940, billiards. (Volume 4), La Vie du rail publishing house, Paris, 2007, ISBN 978-2-915034-68-4 .

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Die Bastelbogenseiten, Autorail Billard A 75 DX 903, accessed on December 17, 2012
  2. ↑ Yves Broncard, Autorails de France: Les Autorails légers des années 1930, Les Autorails légers des années 1940, billiards. (Volume 4), La Vie du rail publishing house, Paris, 2007, ISBN 978-2-915034-68-4 .
  3. ↑ www.culture.gouv.fr, Autorail Billard, à voie normal A 75 D 903, accessed on November 25, 2012